JCEM:老年妇女补充维生素D并不能减少心脏病风险

2012-09-26 网络 网络

      一项新的试验却发现,每日给予老年妇女维生素D补充并不能减少其心脏病风险。在服用常规两倍剂量维生素D不少于一年后,试验组妇女的胆固醇、血压和血糖水平并不比服用安慰剂组的妇女低,尽管许多研究显示高水平的血液维生素D能减少心脏病的发作和死亡。     所谓的观测研究——测量人血液中的维生素并长期追踪——往往发现维生

 

    一项新的试验却发现,每日给予老年妇女维生素D补充并不能减少其心脏病风险。在服用常规两倍剂量维生素D不少于一年后,试验组妇女的胆固醇、血压和血糖水平并不比服用安慰剂组的妇女低,尽管许多研究显示高水平的血液维生素D能减少心脏病的发作和死亡。

    所谓的观测研究——测量人血液中的维生素并长期追踪——往往发现维生素水平和心脏健康之间有联系。“有大量的流行病学数据显示维生素D水平和心血管事件增加风险之间的关系,”Michel Chonchol博士说,他在科罗拉多大学研究这二者之间的联系,但没有参与这项新的研究。但是,这些类型的试验不能证明二者之间有因果关系,因为它不可能考虑到血液维生素D水平较低或较高人口之间所有可能的饮食和生活方式差异。

    随机对照试验,被认为是医学研究的“黄金标准”,旨在绕过这一障碍。随机分组一批人,给予部分人特定的治疗而另一部分人不给予,研究人员可以更好地研究特定条件的具体影响。

    为了进行这项新的试验,英国阿伯丁大学的Adrian Wood 和他的同事将305位60岁左右的妇女分为三组。该试验每天早上分别给予三组妇女400IU、1000IU的维生素D或安慰剂,并持续一年时间。参与者必须每2个月回到实验室一次,并进行一组心脏病学试验。在研究的开始,各组妇女由这些健康监测所得到的数据大部分是相似的。例如,在安慰剂组的妇女,平均体重为152磅,血压为128 / 78,总胆固醇为238。而在接下来的一年中,胆固醇和血压随季节变化-但并不基于妇女是否服用额外的维生素D。最终,Wood的小组于the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism上报告称,任何与心脏有关的标志物在三组之间没有明确的差异变化。但是,这项研究没有看得足够远或有足够的妇女人数,以确定是否维生素可能会影响心脏病的发作或死亡。

    食物来源的维生素D包括鱼肝油和其他鱼类以及强化果汁和奶制品。医学研究所建议,大多数成年人每日应摄取600IU的维生素D。在2010年的报告中,其结论称有力的证据显示,维生素D和钙可保证更好的骨骼健康;但其他所提出的好处,包括改善血压和心血管疾病的效果,是不确定的。

    不过,也有一些研究者认为服用额外的维生素D-特别是那些初始水平非常低的人,可以帮助其预防全身性炎症和发挥调节血糖水平的作用。

链接:

Wood AD, Secombes KR, Thies F, Aucott L, Black AJ, Mavroeidi A, Simpson WG, Fraser WD, Reid DM, Macdonald HM.Vitamin D3 Supplementation Has No Effect on Conventional Cardiovascular Risk Factors. A Parallel-Group, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled RCT.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Aug 3
 
 
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    2013-06-23 smallant2015
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    2013-01-29 achengzhao
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