瓷贴面美学修复前牙,树脂粘接有哪些要点?

2018-05-09 夏雨凝 马楚凡 陈吉华 中国医学论坛报今日口腔

瓷贴面粘接前需对基牙进行酸蚀,以去除玷污层、增大表面积,形成蜂窝状表面,有利于树脂突形成和增大粘接面积;常用35%~37%的磷酸溶液或凝胶处理牙面,建议活髓牙酸蚀30 s;四环素牙、氟斑牙耐酸能力较强,酸蚀时间适量延长至60~120 s,酸蚀后至少冲洗20 s (胶体型冲洗1 min),无油空气吹干牙表面,再进行后续牙面的改性处理。


作者:夏雨凝 马楚凡 陈吉华    空军军医大学口腔医院

瓷贴面美学修复前牙的树脂粘接

粘接前

瓷贴面粘接前需对基牙进行酸蚀,以去除玷污层、增大表面积,形成蜂窝状表面,有利于树脂突形成和增大粘接面积;常用35%~37%的磷酸溶液或凝胶处理牙面,建议活髓牙酸蚀30 s;四环素牙、氟斑牙耐酸能力较强,酸蚀时间适量延长至60~120 s,酸蚀后至少冲洗20 s (胶体型冲洗1 min),无油空气吹干牙表面,再进行后续牙面的改性处理。

体外研究显示,瓷贴面完全粘接后可增强基牙及瓷贴面的强度、减少微渗漏的发生。

粘接界面涉及牙-树脂界面和瓷-树脂界面,粘接机制包括粘接树脂与瓷贴面及牙面的微机械嵌合、偶联剂介导的化学结合及两者的混合。

瓷贴面粘接的基牙牙面性状

研究显示瓷贴面粘接效果最理想为牙釉质面。有研究认为,在保留足够釉质(至少50%的粘接面为釉质)时,即使发生少量牙本质暴露,瓷贴面也能获得可靠的粘接强度。随着牙本质暴露量增加,粘接强度减弱。

麦克拉伦(McLaren)等认为,传统的长石质瓷贴面应在备牙后保留至少50%釉质,要求高于70%的预备体边缘为釉质。也有学者建议瓷贴面修复预备牙体时,由完整的釉质框架作边缘。预备时牙体表面存在树脂充填物时,或影响瓷贴面的粘接效果,所以要尽量将贴面边缘置于正常牙体组织上。

瓷贴面树脂粘接的材料

粘接剂性能是全瓷修复体固位力和边缘封闭的重要决定因素。粘接树脂按固化方式可分为光固化、自固化和双固化。为减弱瓷贴面对光线的阻挡作用的影响,多数学者建议选用双固化粘接剂,既能保证固化又可延长在口内操作时间。

安萨里(ALGhazali)等认为:树脂粘接剂固化前后颜色差异相对较小,一般在临床可接受范围内,且去除方便,因此利用未固化的树脂粘接剂作为试色糊剂的临床参考价值较高;但牙面呈一定弧度,而体外研究所采用的平面样本的折射率、反射率与天然牙面存在差别;天然牙的光学特性复杂,而树脂颜色比较单一,用树脂模拟基牙与天然牙的光学特性存在较大的差别,所以树脂粘接剂对最终贴面颜色的影响仍有待研究。

瓷贴面处理

瓷贴面粘接前需处理组织面以获得高表面能、高反应活性、适宜的粗糙度和微孔量,常用的技术有喷砂、酸蚀和偶联剂等。临床上对不同材料的瓷贴面表面处理方法也不同。

氧化铝/尖晶石贴面:该类材料强度较高、不含硅氧基,不与氢氟酸反应,故上述处理效果不佳。常用Al2O3喷砂、砂纸打磨及金刚砂针切削获得粗糙的表面。有学者提出,Al2O3喷砂结合酸蚀的树脂粘接剂可为氧化铝/尖晶石陶瓷提供可靠粘接;也有研究显示,将陶瓷进行硅涂层处理,可提高与树脂粘接的强度。

氧化硅基类陶瓷:多用5%~10%的氢氟酸酸蚀组织面后再用35%~37%磷酸缓冲;酸蚀时间视材料、贴面厚度及酸的体积分数而定,一般烤瓷贴面90~120 s、铸瓷贴面不超过40 s。清洁干燥后涂布硅烷偶联剂,含硅基瓷贴面和粘接树脂通过硅烷偶联剂形成Si—O—Si共价键,产生稳定的化学结合。

研究证实:硅烷偶联剂可提高硅基陶瓷与树脂粘接强度,是粘接中的必要步骤;硅烷偶联剂还可降低表面张力,增加润湿度。

氧化锆基陶瓷贴面:氧化锆晶体密度、硬度均高,常规表面处理效果不佳。有研究显示,SiO2涂层的氧化锆贴面粘接后剪切强度最大。克恩(Kern)等发现,粘接树脂中加人磷酸锆单体后可与氧化锆形成Zr—O键,从而获得长期稳定粘接。

后有学者提出,喷砂结合改良磷酸盐树脂粘接剂、硅涂层结合硅烷偶联剂等方法,可提高氧化锆粘接效果。与氧化硅基类陶瓷材料相比,高强度陶瓷的体外研究较少,其临床应用仍待改良。

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    2018-05-11 chenshujs
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1980894, encodeId=9613198089469, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=27ac6880637' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#瓷贴面#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68806, encryptionId=27ac6880637, topicName=瓷贴面)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=74c2229, createdName=tcm99hq, createdTime=Thu Mar 07 05:16:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1655155, encodeId=5442165515500, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ed75e99316d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美学修复#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79931, encryptionId=ed75e99316d, topicName=美学修复)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=78b524654451, createdName=yangcx0923, createdTime=Wed Nov 21 21:16:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1776210, encodeId=75651e762103d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=95d3e9930fe' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美学#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79930, encryptionId=95d3e9930fe, topicName=美学)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a9de34, createdName=zhangpaul93, createdTime=Sat Feb 16 02:16:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1690153, encodeId=67c316901534e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46783263548' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#前牙#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32635, encryptionId=46783263548, topicName=前牙)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=af5c28973286, createdName=LShY0906_98743853, createdTime=Sun Feb 24 22:16:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1627566, encodeId=9154162e5665c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cea46199eba' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#树脂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=61997, encryptionId=cea46199eba, topicName=树脂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=378b21121654, createdName=chenshujs, createdTime=Fri May 11 13:16:00 CST 2018, time=2018-05-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=313604, encodeId=3546313604ea, content=不错的文章值得推荐, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=04f22055142, createdName=131****2916, createdTime=Wed May 09 23:10:30 CST 2018, time=2018-05-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=313582, encodeId=3aca3135820c, content=^_^^_^^_^, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Swp2ehfHpiciczeTntUyQOlIGMzQ705ic67sdMTVMbwTv7KbmlUvxrGvRSvQZjPkz7ib5tEDfIaORgczPtmHDpwojg/0, createdBy=c54b2163125, createdName=wqkm, createdTime=Wed May 09 22:24:50 CST 2018, time=2018-05-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-05-09 131****2916

    不错的文章值得推荐

    0

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    2018-05-09 wqkm

    ^_^^_^^_^

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