Nat Med:两名HIV感染者在中断治疗后,为何能实现长期病毒控制?

2021-10-30 haibei MedSci原创

最近,研究人员对两名HIV感染者(04号和30号)进行了长期研究,他们之前参加了包括ATI在内的随机、对照治疗性疫苗试验的安慰剂组(ClinicalTrials.gov标识符:NCT01859325)

尽管抗逆转录病毒疗法在抑制HIV方面非常有效,但终身服药的困难以及长期的副作用和耐药性发展的可能性,推动了对日常抗逆转录病毒药物有效替代品的研究。

近年来,人们一直在寻求实现治愈HIV感染的几种治疗策略。其中一个策略是根除接受抗逆转录病毒疗法的感染者中持续存在的HIV储库。然而,尽管付出了巨大的努力,越来越多的证据表明,使用现有的治疗药物完全消除持久性病毒库是不可行的。

另一种方法是开发基于免疫的疗法,目的是在没有抗逆转录病毒疗法的情况下达到最大的病毒抑制,而不一定要消除持续存在的HIV储库。在这方面,已经证明有一小部分HIV感染者在感染的急性/早期阶段开始接受抗逆转录病毒治疗,可以在ATI(分析性治疗中断)后长时间控制血浆中的病毒量。尽管目前还不清楚他们是如何抑制HIV的,但有人认为,相对较小和有限的病毒库和/或针对HIV的强大的免疫反应可能使这些人在没有ART的情况下延迟血浆病毒反弹,并保持长期的病毒学抑制。

更好地了解这些人的病毒控制的基本机制,可以为新疗法的开发和应用提供启示。为此,对各种免疫学和病毒学参数进行频繁和长期的综合分析,以及对偷偷服用抗逆转录病毒药物和HIV超级感染进行常规筛查,可以发现维持这些人的病毒学缓解的因素和导致血浆病毒反弹的因素。

最近,研究人员对两名HIV感染者(04号和30号)进行了长期研究,他们之前参加了包括ATI在内的随机、对照治疗性疫苗试验的安慰剂组(ClinicalTrials.gov标识符:NCT01859325)。

停止抗逆转录病毒疗法后,血浆病毒血症水平和HIV序列的系统遗传学分析。

在参与者04中,他经历了病毒突变,并在第1250天前不久开始了未公开的自我管理的次优ART检测,血浆HIV env序列的系统发育分析表明,随着时间的推移,病毒不断进化和/或重新激活先前存在的病毒库。04号参与者的抗病毒CD8+T细胞活性比30号参与者的高。相反,30号参与者对自体病毒表现出强大的血浆IgG介导的中和活性,但是,当他在ATI后1,434天由于HIV超级感染而突然出现血浆病毒反弹时,这种中和活性变得无效。

因此,该数据提供了对治疗后中断控制的不同机制的见解,并强调了在ATI阶段经常监测未披露的ART使用和超级感染的重要性

 

原始出处:

Jana Blazkova et al. Distinct mechanisms of long-term virologic control in two HIV-infected individuals after treatment interruption of anti-retroviral therapy. Nature Medicine (2021). 

 

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    2022-06-13 liye789132251
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    2021-10-31 查查佳佳

    完善输注原则,优先选择ABO和RhD同型

    0

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随着时间的推移,CD4+T细胞计数低或HIV病毒载量升高的患者,HIV感染与AAA风险增加有关。

CROI快递:治愈艾滋病,已经取得了这些重要进展!

开发治愈方法的方向目前很明确,就是通过免疫治疗,将普通患者转归为PTC。LRA + 治疗性疫苗 + 单抗是一种目前最被看好的方法。

2021年WHO《关于HIV预防、检测、治疗、服务提供和监测的综合指南:公共卫生方法的建议》要点解读

WHO在2021年7月发布了最新版本的《关于HIV预防、检测、治疗、服务提供和监测的综合指南:公共卫生方法的建议》