LANCET INFECT DIS :新型结核病诊断技术

2017-01-17 MedSci MedSci原创

不充分的病例检测技术导致撒哈拉以南非洲地区未诊断结核病的高水平。至今为止,尚未对用于发现社区强化病例的新诊断工具的效果进行评估。近期,一项发表在LANCET INFECT DIS杂志上的文章调查了两个非洲社区使用痰Xpert-MTB / RIF和TB LAM尿液试验的有效性。在这项研究中,研究者们比较了痰Xpert-MTB / RIF以及如果为HIV感染患者的TB LAM尿液试验(新型诊断组),实

不充分的病例检测技术导致撒哈拉以南非洲地区未诊断结核病的高水平。至今为止,尚未对用于发现社区强化病例的新诊断工具的效果进行评估。


近期,一项发表在LANCET INFECT DIS杂志上的文章调查了两个非洲社区使用痰Xpert-MTB / RIF和TB LAM尿液试验的有效性。

在这项研究中,研究者们比较了痰Xpert-MTB / RIF以及如果为HIV感染患者的TB LAM尿液试验(新型诊断组),实验室的痰涂片显微镜检查(常规诊断组),用于在南非开普敦和津巴布韦哈拉雷高结核病和艾滋病毒流行率的社区加强病例的发现。

研究者们使用培养物作为参照标准,用计算机生成的分配列表将参与者随机分配(1:1)到这些组。在开普敦,参与者被随机分配并在当地诊所进行Xpert测试;在哈拉雷,参与者被带到当地诊所进行相同的诊断测试。主要终点是每个研究组在60天开始结核病治疗的培养阳性结核病病例的比例。此项试验在ClinicalTrials.gov注册,编号NCT01990274。

研究结果显示:在2013年10月18日至2015年3月31日期间,筛选了2261人,其中875人(39%)符合诊断测试标准。 439名受试者被随机分配到新型诊断实验组,436名受试者被分配到常规诊断组。 875名参与者中的74人(9%)证实了有结核病。如果排除基于晚期培养结果开始治疗,则在60天时在新型检测组中有更多培养阳性的结核病患者开始治疗(42名患者中有36名[86%]vs. 对照组中的32名中的18名[56%]))。因此,在新型诊断组中比在常规诊断组中开始治疗的比例差异为29%(95%CI 9-50,p = 0·0047);多53%的患者开始治疗。基于LAM试验阳性者只有一个培养阳性的患者进行治疗。

此项研究结果表明:与传统检测方法相比,Xpert-MTB / RIF的诊断方法用于社区的强化病例在艾滋病毒和结核病流行地区可以增加开始治疗的患者比例。相比之下,尿LAM测试未发现益处。

原始出处:
Calligaro GL, Zijenah LS, Peter JG, Theron G, Buser V, McNerney R, Bara W, Bandason T, Govender U, Tomasicchio M, Smith L, Mayosi BM, Dheda K.Effect of new tuberculosis diagnostic technologies on community-based intensified case finding: a multicentre randomised controlled trial.Lancet Infect Dis. 2017 Jan 4. pii: S1473-3099(16)30384-X. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(16)30384-X. 

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    2017-08-29 howi
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    2017-01-17 niewenyuan

    这样的文章应该多发

    0

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    2017-01-17 niewenyuan

    知道了

    0

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    2017-01-17 1e160a78m83(暂无匿称)

    学习啦,谢谢分享

    0

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