ASCO 2021: 摘要概览与展望 6: 肝细胞癌重磅研究一览

2021-05-26 rayms MedSci原创

持续关注。

美国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)年度会议将在2021年6月4日至8日举行,国内外诸多顶级研究成果即将公布。在大会揭幕之前,已有科学人员开始宣布临床研究摘要以及报告的计划。梅斯医学将持续关注并报道学术亮点,分享给各位同道。

2020 <a href='https://www.medsci.cn/search?q=ASCO'>ASCO</a> Annual Meeting; Equity: Every patient. Every day. Everywhere.

ASCO 2021: 摘要概览与展望 5 | 丹娜法伯癌症研究所ASCO关键研究关注

lenvatinb在不可切除的肝细胞癌患者临床实践中的剂量优化

Lenvatinib已成为不可切除肝细胞癌(u-HCC)患者的一线治疗药物。虽然8毫克或12毫克/天的Lenvatinib是标准起始剂量,但因剂量导致的不良事件发生率很高。在临床实践中,为了应对不良事件的发生,通常使用各种给药方案来减轻毒性。

来自上海复旦大学附属中山医院肝癌研究所研究团队,评估了在中国人群中lenvatinib的两种给药策略的安全性和抗肿瘤活性。结果揭示,通过剂量递增策略或可延长lenvatinib治疗期,与标准疗法相比,具有相当的疗效和更大的耐受性。

在这项研究中,研究人员纳入来自20184月至20197月间接受lenvatinib进行u-HCC治疗的患者。剂量递增策略如下:开始剂量为4mg/d,每两周递增一次(由于常见的不良事件是在用药后2周内发生),每次递增剂量为4mg。如果没有发生明显的药物相关的不良事件,最终达到8mg12mg。根据RECIST1.1标准,评估客观缓释率(ORR)和无进展生存期(PFS)。

结果显示,共纳入56名患者,其中剂量递增组为37名患者,标准剂量组为19名患者。剂量递增组的平均体重为64.79公斤,标准剂量组为58.76公斤。根据肝癌分期显示,BCLC C期比例分别为51.4%63.2%Child-pugh B期比例分别为16.2%5.3%

两组之间的基线人口统计学参数具有可比性(P> 0.05),ORR32.43vs 42.1%,P = 0.335),疾病控制率(86.4vs 84.2%,P = 0.686)和PFSP = 0.631)均无显著差异。同时,达到全剂量(按体重)的患者比例相似为48.6%和63.2%。标准剂量组的剂量减少率明显高于剂量递增组(36.8%vs 13.5%P=0.044)。另外,尽管两组之间3/4级不良事件并无显著性差异(P = 0.083),但标准剂量组的患者(36.8%7/19)比剂量递增组的患者(16.2%6/37)有更高的G3/4的发生率。

因此,Lenvatinib剂量递增策略可能是患者治疗期的替代疗法。未来需要更多的数据来证实剂量递增策略的长期疗效和安全性。

详情参见:The dose-optimisation of lenvatinb for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in clinical practice: A retrospective analysis of real-world evidence in China.

二线酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKIs)与免疫疗法(IO)治疗晚期肝细胞癌的真实疗效和安全性

在过去的四年中,FDA批准了五种药物用于晚期HCC的二线治疗。在美国圣安东尼奥癌症中心,大多数患者都是西班牙裔,且具有不同的肝功能障碍。目前,在TKIIO的临床注册试验中很少涉及到该人群。

在该项研究中,研究人员对20151月至20193月对晚期肝细胞癌(HCC)患者进行回顾性分析,这些患者接受了二线治疗,包括IO(即nivolumab)、TKIs(即cabozantinibregorafenib)或临终关怀/最佳支持性护理(BSC)。

结果显示,在接受一线治疗的患者中,中位年龄为60岁(n=65),患者中75%n=49)是西班牙裔。58名(89%)患者继续接受二线治疗。hild-PughCP)评分:A 17%B 55%C 28%TKIn=6)的中位PFS3.1个月,IOn=27)为3.3个月,BSCn=25)为1.3个月。

BSC相比,IO的生存率有所提高HR=3.2695%CI1.58-6.72P=0.00136)。在比较IOTKI时没有明显的差异HR=0.9495%CI0.31-2.86P=0.92),但与BSC相比,TKI有改善PFS的趋势HR=3.0895%CI0.96-9.84P=0.06)。与IOBSC相比,TKI组的皮疹(P=0.01)和手足综合征(HFS)(P<0.001)明显增多。所有其他AEs显示组间无明显差异。

综上,在这项以西班牙裔为主的队列研究中,有不同肝功能障碍的患者,包括CP BC肝硬化,更有可能接受IOBSC治疗。与BSC相比,两个二线治疗组(IOTKI)的mPFS都有所增加。与BSC相比,IOTKI组都是可耐受的,每类药物都有预期毒性。未来,应在不同肝功能障碍的患者中进行更多比较二线药物的前瞻性研究,以了解生存率、耐受性和生活质量。

详情参见:Second-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) versus immunotherapy (IO) for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): Real-world efficacy and safety analysis in patients with varying liver dysfunction.

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    2021-11-15 quxin068
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    2021-09-18 xjy02
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BMC Gastroenterology:原发性肝细胞癌手术切除时机对老年患者生存结局的影响

原发性肝细胞癌(HCC)是全世界最常见恶性肿瘤之一,也是癌症相关死亡的第二大主要原因。数据显示,中国每年新增肝癌病例占全球新增病例的45%。

Liver Cancer:网状meta分析比较atezolizumab联合贝伐珠单抗对比其他治疗手段在不可切除肝细胞癌的疗效和安全性

网状meta间接比较分析发现一线阿替利珠单抗(atezolizumab)联合贝伐珠单抗较其他治疗手段改善晚期HCC的OS。

Dig Dis Sci:中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比率较高与肝细胞癌患者死亡率增加相关

肝细胞癌(HCC)是一种致命的癌症,预后不良,是美国癌症相关死亡率上升最快的原因之一。肝癌的预后取决于多种因素,包括肿瘤负担,肝功能障碍程度等。

Liver Cancer:探索可预测肝细胞癌对免疫检查点抑制剂响应的耗竭CD8 T细胞标志物

CD8-T细胞耗竭可较好的预测肝细胞癌患者ICI治疗的疗效。