2019ESMO|基于ADJUVANT研究建立的MEDUSA模型——将助力EGFR突变早期肺癌术后的精准辅助治疗

2019-10-03 佚名 肿瘤资讯

八年磨一剑,ADJUVANT研究开辟了非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)辅助治疗的新领域,一改EGFR-TKI靶向治疗药物用于晚期患者治疗的现状,将EGFR-TKI治疗从疾病的晚期推向早期阶段,即术后辅助治疗领域。对于EGFR突变阳性II~IIIA期(N1~N2)NSCLC患者,术后辅助EGFR-TKI吉非替尼治疗,可显着延长患者的无病生存期(DFS),但也发现,不同的患者,其临床获益存在差异。为了回答这

八年磨一剑,ADJUVANT研究开辟了非小细胞肺癌NSCLC)辅助治疗的新领域,一改EGFR-TKI靶向治疗药物用于晚期患者治疗的现状,将EGFR-TKI治疗从疾病的晚期推向早期阶段,即术后辅助治疗领域。对于EGFR突变阳性II~IIIA期(N1~N2)NSCLC患者,术后辅助EGFR-TKI吉非替尼治疗,可显着延长患者的无病生存期(DFS),但也发现,不同的患者,其临床获益存在差异。为了回答这个问题,广东省人民医院吴一龙教授团队,对纳入ADJUVANT研究中患者的基线样本进行了NGS检测和综合的数据分析,筛选出与不同的辅助治疗方案疗效相关的关键生物标志物,并构建了MEDUSA综合评分模型,以精准划分不同辅助治疗方案的最佳获益人群。研究成果成功入选2019年欧洲肿瘤学会年会(ESMO)的Poster Discussion环节。

ADJUVANT研究将EGFR TKI推向治疗EGFR突变阳性NSCLC的“前沿阵地”

ADJUVANT研究是一项对比吉非替尼和长春瑞滨联合顺铂(VP)辅助治疗EGFR突变阳性Ⅱ~ⅢA期(N1~N2)NSCLC的有效性和安全性的大型Ⅲ期临床试验(CTONG 1104)。研究从提出设想到成果发表历时8年,自首次亮相于2017年美国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)起就备受瞩目。在ADJUVANT研究之前,BR19、RADIANT等研究同样尝试探讨EGFR-TKI在辅助治疗中的疗效,但均未获得预期的研究结果。而ADJUVANT研究锁定接受根治性手术切除的Ⅱ~ⅢA期(N1~N2)NSCLC、且伴有EGFR突变(19外显子缺失和 21外显子L858R突变)的患者作为研究对象,以DFS作为主要研究终点。最终222例患者入组(自2011年9月19日至2014年4月24日),随机1:1接受吉非替尼(250mg每日一次),24个月;或临床指南推荐的辅助化疗标准方案,长春瑞滨(25mg/m2,d1,d8)联合顺铂(75mg/m2 d1)治疗4个周期(Q3W)。至研究结束,吉非替尼和 VP 组的中位治疗时间分别为 21.9个月和4个周期,两组中位随访36.5个月。

该研究结果表明,对于接受根治性手术切除的EGFR突变Ⅱ~ⅢA期(N1~N2)NSCLC,与VP方案的辅助治疗相比,使用吉非替尼辅助治疗,患者的DFS得到显着延长(吉非替尼组和VP组的中位DFS:28.7个月 vs 18.0个月),疾病复发和死亡风险降低40%(HR 0.60,P=0.0054)。吉非替尼组的3年DFS率显着优于VP组(34.0% vs 27.0%;P=0.013)。亚组分析显示,吉非替尼组中患者的淋巴结状态(pN1/N2)与DFS显着相关(P<0.05)。在安全性方面,吉非替尼组的3级及以上的不良事件发生率显着低于VP组(12.3% vs 48.3%;P<0.001)。

ADJUVANT研究作为众多辅助靶向治疗中的一股清流,逆流而上打破了“辅助靶向疗效不明确”的结论。ADJUVANT研究结果提示,无论在疗效以及安全性方面,吉非替尼都是EGFR突变阳性Ⅱ~ⅢA期(N1~N2)NSCLC患者术后辅助治疗的最佳选择。但是,研究者也发现不同患者的临床获益不尽相同。为了更精准的预测和划分不同辅助治疗方案的最佳获益人群,研究者基于ADJUVANT研究中患者的基线样本,采用大panel进行NGS检测并对这些患者的肿瘤基因组学数据进行全面、深入的分析,最终构建出用于指导辅助治疗临床决策的工具:MEDUSA综合评分模型(Multiple-biomarker Evaluation to Determine the Utilization of Specific Adjuvant therapy,即通过多种生物标志物的评估,以确定最佳的术后辅助治疗方案)。

MEDUSA综合评分模型将精准定义EGFR突变阳性早期NSCLC的术后辅助治疗模式

为了找到更适合接受辅助EGFR-TKI治疗的人群,如何为患者提供更精准的辅助治疗方案亟待进一步探索。为此,广东省人民医院吴一龙教授团队在本届ESMO大会上公布了MEDUSA综合评分模型的结果。本项分析纳入了来自ADJUVANT研究中的171例患者的基线样本(吉非替尼组,n=95;VP组,n=76)。研究者采用大panel进行NGS检测,利用Cox回归等严谨的统计学分析,逐项鉴定可预测不同辅助治疗方案疗效的生物标志物,并建立多基因综合评分的预测模型。通过研究分析,最终鉴定出:TP53,NKX2-1,CDK4, MYC以及基因RB1是具有预测辅助治疗疗效(DFS)的生物标志物。值得注意的是,其中RB1突变提示患者更倾向于从VP的辅助治疗方案中获益,而TP53基因第4、5外显子突变、NKX2-1,CDK4和MYC基因扩增则可能提示患者将从辅助EGFR-TKI吉非替尼的靶向治疗中获益。

最终,基于以上鉴定发现的生物标志物,研究者通过算法构建了MEDUSA综合评分模型。同时,对于整体研究队列(n=171)而言,接受吉非替尼辅助治疗,患者的DFS获益显着优于接受VP化疗的获益[HR 0.54 (95%CI 0.36~0.79), P=0.0016]。依据评分将患者分为3组:吉非替尼高度敏感组(SG, n=60)、吉非替尼中度敏感组(MG, n=87)和VP敏感组(VP, n=24)。其中,评分≤-0.5时(SG组),与VP化疗作为辅助治疗相比,吉非替尼作为辅助治疗,患者的DFS获益更显着,风险比(HR)为0.21(95% CI: 0.10~0.44),获益情况相对于整体研究队列更加显着;评分位于-0.5~0.5区间时(MG组),与VP化疗作为辅助治疗相比,吉非替尼作为辅助治疗,患者的DFS获益更多,HR为0.61(95% CI:0.35~1.07),获益情况与整体队列获益情况相似;而当评分≥0.5时(VP组),VP化疗作为辅助治疗的疗效显着优于吉非替尼作为辅助治疗的疗效, HR为3.06(95% CI:0.99~9.53)。

EGFR-TKI吉非替尼在EGFR突变阳性Ⅱ~ⅢA期(N1~N2)NSCLC术后辅助治疗中的重要性已无需赘述,但在当前精准医学治疗的理念下,依靠单一的生物标志物进行分组,可能无法完全涵盖肿瘤的异质性特征。如何更为精准的选择合适的患者和治疗方案,是所有治疗领域都需认真思考和回答的问题。MEDUSA综合评分模型给了我们一个很好的启发,利用多个基因标志物将EGFR突变阳性Ⅱ~ⅢA期(N1~N2)NSCLC术后辅助治疗的获益人群进一步精准和细分。我们相信该模型的确立,将为我们探讨如何针对特定人群选择不同的个性化、精准化治疗方案以及如何进行疗效的精确预测,提供了很好的范例和参考。

点评:

吴一龙,肿瘤学教授、博士生导师、IASLC杰出科学奖获得者,广东省人民医院(GGH)终身主任,国家肺癌质控中心主任,广东省肺癌研究所(GLCI)名誉所长,广东省肺癌转化医学重点实验室主任,吴阶平基金会肿瘤医学部会长,中国临床肿瘤学会(CSCO)前任理事长,中国医师协会精准医学专委会副主任委员,广东省临床试验协会(GACT)会长,中国胸部肿瘤协作组(CTONG)主席,国际肺癌研究会(IASLC)理事会(BOD)核心成员,国际分期委员会前委员,欧洲肿瘤学会(ESMO)中国区总代表。

本届ESMO年会,我们发布了ADJUVANT研究的第3个研究结果。我们通过探索、筛选及深入分析后,制定出这样的基因组合评分模型,用于精准预测不同辅助治疗方案的获益情况。之所以会开发这个模型,是因为之前我们公布了ADJUVANT研究辅助EGFR-TKI靶向治疗获益的结果后,很多人都提出了进一步的疑问,是不是所有的EGFR突变阳性早期NSCLC患者均能从术后辅助EGFR-TKI治疗中获益呢?如何筛选出真正的获益人群,更精准地开展辅助治疗,成为我们下一步要解决的问题。因此,我们通过探索发现了这样的生物标志物的组合,通过算法和深度学习,用于精准预测不同辅助治疗方案的疗效,命名为MEDUSA模型。

通过MEDUSA模型设定的标准,我们将患者分为3组,其中SG组(约占总研究队列的1/3)接受辅助靶向治疗对疗效的提升效果最好,甚至可以通过模型预测这部分人群的DFS 。MG组人群比例为40%左右,这部分人群选择靶向辅助治疗的DFS略优于化疗辅助治疗。对于这类人群,我更倾向于向患者推荐毒副作用更小的靶向治疗,并且我们可以看到靶向治疗可以明显的延长DFS。VP组患者约占20%左右,这组患者基因突变情况差异非常大,辅助靶向治疗的效果不及辅助化疗,比如说其中很大一部分人群携带有RB1突变,这类患者对化疗的敏感性优于靶向治疗。

本次公布的CTONG 1104研究的第3个成果,为我们更精准地为患者开展辅助治疗作出了贡献。然而,正如评论专家所言,我们更希望将来MEDUSA模型能够精准地预测患者的总生存。当前靠单一生物标志物来预测患者的生存预后面临诸多挑战,未来的方向应当是对多种基因进行重新分类、筛选、组合,通过多基因构建的体系来开展精准的预后预测和精准治疗。

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    2020-05-22 liuhuangbo
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1666178, encodeId=06eb16661e85c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5fd55943ecf' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#早期肺癌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=59437, encryptionId=5fd55943ecf, topicName=早期肺癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=592126038749, createdName=循证小兵, createdTime=Sat Jun 20 07:36:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2024856, encodeId=846d2024856b0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c27516459de' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SMO#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16459, encryptionId=c27516459de, topicName=SMO)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6779163, createdName=liuhuangbo, createdTime=Fri May 22 11:36:00 CST 2020, time=2020-05-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1280999, encodeId=2705128099940, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=50d6e0215a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ESMO#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7021, encryptionId=50d6e0215a, topicName=ESMO)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7460166, createdName=zhang92560, createdTime=Sat Oct 05 03:36:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1403448, encodeId=0b2f1403448da, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ebbde6353be' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#精准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76353, encryptionId=ebbde6353be, topicName=精准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83epQX9hfEIBiaPg0e9KvLYVBCSGYydH6K6OQxBh3RaOC0TYP9HYy2v0XdHib1LFnZNU5Siak0P8oh8Aqw/132, createdBy=acd92440184, createdName=shijzhiewnjhch, createdTime=Sat Oct 05 03:36:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1534461, encodeId=c436153446101, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=22b3e9887e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#GFR#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7988, encryptionId=22b3e9887e, topicName=GFR)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0a812532020, createdName=liuyiping, createdTime=Sat Oct 05 03:36:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1610014, encodeId=7cc0161001435, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sat Oct 05 03:36:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1047734, encodeId=db50104e7342a, content=梅斯里提供了很多疾病的模型计算公式,赞一个!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=CHANGE, createdTime=Thu Oct 03 15:36:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-10-05 zhang92560
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1666178, encodeId=06eb16661e85c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5fd55943ecf' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#早期肺癌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=59437, encryptionId=5fd55943ecf, topicName=早期肺癌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=592126038749, createdName=循证小兵, createdTime=Sat Jun 20 07:36:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2024856, encodeId=846d2024856b0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c27516459de' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SMO#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16459, encryptionId=c27516459de, topicName=SMO)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6779163, createdName=liuhuangbo, createdTime=Fri May 22 11:36:00 CST 2020, time=2020-05-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1280999, encodeId=2705128099940, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=50d6e0215a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ESMO#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7021, encryptionId=50d6e0215a, topicName=ESMO)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7460166, createdName=zhang92560, createdTime=Sat Oct 05 03:36:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1403448, encodeId=0b2f1403448da, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ebbde6353be' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#精准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76353, encryptionId=ebbde6353be, topicName=精准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83epQX9hfEIBiaPg0e9KvLYVBCSGYydH6K6OQxBh3RaOC0TYP9HYy2v0XdHib1LFnZNU5Siak0P8oh8Aqw/132, createdBy=acd92440184, createdName=shijzhiewnjhch, createdTime=Sat Oct 05 03:36:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1534461, encodeId=c436153446101, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=22b3e9887e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#GFR#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7988, encryptionId=22b3e9887e, topicName=GFR)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0a812532020, createdName=liuyiping, createdTime=Sat Oct 05 03:36:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1610014, encodeId=7cc0161001435, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sat Oct 05 03:36:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1047734, encodeId=db50104e7342a, content=梅斯里提供了很多疾病的模型计算公式,赞一个!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=CHANGE, createdTime=Thu Oct 03 15:36:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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    2019-10-05 liuyiping
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    2019-10-03 CHANGE

    梅斯里提供了很多疾病的模型计算公式,赞一个!

    0

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