Neurology:颅内高级别胶质瘤患者死亡原因及临终关怀的回顾性观察

2021-12-04 Naomi MedSci原创

临床肿瘤进展是我们患者群体中最常见的死亡原因,大多数患者死于家中的临终关怀或住院临终关怀机构。大多数患者被安排在临终关怀或非临终关怀基础上的舒适措施,并没有在生命末期复苏。

      胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)是成人最常见的原发性脑肿瘤,尽管治疗方法有所进步,但几乎普遍致死。然而,GBM和其他高级别胶质瘤的死亡原因取决于许多因素,包括合并症,而且围绕死亡的临床事件往往是复杂的。姑息治疗改善了癌症患者的症状和生活质量,特别是在疾病过程的早期。胶质瘤患者在治疗瓶颈并出现新症状(如认知障碍、癫痫发作、行走困难)可能会影响生活质量和功能独立性,并可能导致住院治疗。因此,胶质瘤患者和他们的照顾者有特定的姑息治疗和心理社会需求。姑息治疗和临终关怀服务的使用频率和环境差别很大。围绕临终预期的不确定性,包括死亡是否涉及身体痛苦,可能会加剧患者和照顾者的焦虑,他们经常在疾病进展的背景下询问临终情况。近日,有研究人员试图以系统和全面的方式在五年的时间里系统和全面地描述单个学术医学中心的胶质瘤患者的死亡原因和位置,以及使用姑息措施和复苏措施的频率。

      研究人员回顾性分析了哥伦比亚大学欧文医学中心2014年1月至2019年2月期间死亡的颅内高级别胶质瘤患者的临终情况,包括死亡原因、死亡地点、舒适措施和复苏抢救的实施情况。

  • 有152名患者(95名男性,57名女性;死亡年龄中位数61.5岁,范围24-87岁)在2014年1月至2019年2月期间死亡,并有足够的临终情况数据。
  • 临床肿瘤进展(n=117,77.0%)是最常见的死亡原因,所有患者都过渡到舒适措施。其他原因包括但不限于:感染(19例,12.5%);瘤内出血(5例,3.3%);癫痫发作(8例,5.3%);脑水肿(4例,2.6%);肺水肿(4例,2.6%)、肺栓塞(4例,2.6%);自主神经衰竭(2例,1.3%);失血性休克(2例,1.3%)。10例(8.5%)发现多起死亡事件。
  • 73名患者(48.0%)在家中接受临终关怀时死亡。其他地点为住院临终关怀(40,26.3%);急性护理医院(34,22.4%),包括27个(17.8%)有舒适性措施和7个(4.6%)没有舒适性措施;熟练护理机构(4,3.3%),包括3个(2.0%)有舒适性措施和1个(0.7%)没有舒适性措施;或宗教设施(1,0.7%)有舒适性措施。
  • 20例(13.2%)进行了急性心肺复苏。

       临床肿瘤进展是最常见的死亡原因(77.0%),其次是感染(12.5%)。94.7%的患者最终实施了临终关怀或舒适措施,但有13.2%的患者进行了复苏。提高对胶质瘤患者死亡情况、临终关怀服务使用频率和复苏努力频率的了解,可能会使医生更准确地与患者和照顾者讨论临终预期,从而促进知情的护理计划。

文献来源:Barbaro M, Blinderman CD, Iwamoto FM, et al. Causes of Death and End-of-Life Care in Patients With Intracranial High-Grade Gliomas: A Retrospective Observational Study [published online ahead of print, 2021 Nov 18]. Neurology. 2021;10.1212/WNL.0000000000013057. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000013057

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    2022-07-04 yinhl1978
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    2021-12-05 bbjsj_1984

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Cancer Cell:陆军军医大学卞修武/时雨/平轶芳发现恶性胶质瘤内肿瘤相关巨噬细胞新亚群

该研究绘制了51例异柠檬酸脱氢酶(IDH)野生型胶质母细胞瘤或IDH突变型胶质瘤患者的Mo-TAMs的空间解析转录图谱。

NEJM:新型CAR-T细胞CARv3-TEAM-E脑室内注射治疗胶质母细胞瘤,5天肿瘤快速消退

本次新型CAR-T疗法的应用,不仅让入组的3例患者肿瘤缩小,而且治疗效果和清除速度更是让人惊艳,这是既往从未遇见的情况,CAR-T治疗实体瘤未来可期!

Cell Discov:西湖大学谢琦等团队揭示胶质母细胞瘤干细胞的选择性聚腺苷化

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European Radiology:原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤和胶质母细胞瘤的多参数MR分析

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European Radiology:DSC-PWI序列在脑淋巴瘤和胶质母细胞瘤术前鉴别诊断中的应用

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