Cell Death Diff:OTULIN保护肝脏免受细胞死亡、炎症、纤维化及癌症的侵害

2020-04-17 QQY MedSci原创

OTULIN对于维持肝脏稳态是至关重要的,且M1连接的多聚泛素链可能在调节mTOR信号转导通路及肝脏代谢中发挥着重要作用。

蛋氨酸-1(M1)连接的多聚泛素链能够与LUBAC(线性泛素链装配复合物)缀合,进而控制NF-κB的激活、免疫稳态,并防止TNF(肿瘤坏死因子)诱导的细胞死亡的发生。

去泛素化酶OTULIN可以通过去除LUBAC的缀合作用来负性调控M1连接的多聚泛素信号,而OTULIN的缺乏会引起OTULIN相关的自身炎症综合症(ORAS)。然而,目前对于OTULIN调控细胞通路及生理功能的研究仍然很少。

在该研究中,研究人员发现OTULIN可以预防人和小鼠肝脏疾病的发生发展。在ORAS患者中,OTULIN缺乏症会在10-13个月后引起自发性进行性肝脂肪变。

同样的,在小鼠中,肝脏特异性的OTULIN缺失会导致新生鼠发生类似于ORAS患者的脂肪变性及肝炎。 OTULIN的缺乏会引起肝脏的代谢紊乱、细胞凋亡及炎症的发生。脂肪变性的小鼠到8周龄后会引起脂肪性肝炎、肝纤维化及恶变前肿瘤的发生,而7-12个月则发展为恶性肝细胞癌。

令人惊讶的是,对OTULIN缺陷型肝脏进行病理学分析发现其并不依赖于TNFR1信号转导通路。相反,研究人员发现OTULIN缺陷型肝脏中的脂肪性肝炎与mTOR的异常激活相关,给予雷帕霉素抑制mTOR活性后能够显著减少这些肝病的发生。

总而言之,以上的研究结果表明OTULIN对于维持肝脏稳态是至关重要的,且M1连接的多聚泛素链可能在调节mTOR信号转导通路及肝脏代谢中发挥着重要作用。

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    2020-11-02 docwu2019
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    2020-07-25 小几洁
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    2020-04-19 cy0328

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