BMJ:改善COPD患者自我管理:电话指导vs常规护理

2018-07-06 徐晓涵 环球医学网

发表于《BMJ》上的一项随机对照试验,考察了初级保健中轻度慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者的自我管理。

发表于《BMJ》上的一项随机对照试验,考察了初级保健中轻度慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者的自我管理

目的:旨在评估轻度COPD的初级保健人群中,由护士给予电话健康指导的有效性。

设计:多中心随机对照试验。

地点:英国4个地区的71家全科医院。

参与者:从初级保健COPD注册处纳入了医学研究委员会呼吸困难量表评分为1或2的577名患者,这些患者经呼吸量测定法确诊。患者被随机分配至电话健康指导组(n=289)或常规护理组(n=288)。

干预:由护士进行电话健康指导干预,并基于社会认知理论。指导促进获得戒烟服务、增加体育活动、,药物管理和行为计划(4个疗程共11周;在16和24周时邮寄信息)。护士接受2日培训。常规护理组接受关于COPD的传单。

主要结局测量指标:主要结局是12个月时健康相关的生活质量,使用圣乔治呼吸问卷的简明量表来评估(SGRQ-C)。

结果:电话干预给予的质量很好。86%的通话计划被实施;75%患者接受全部4次通话。92%患者随访至6个月,89%随访至12个月。12个月时,SGRQ-C总评分没有差异(平均差值:-1.3;95%置信区间:-3.6~0.9,P=0.23)。同常规护理组患者相比,6个月随访时,干预组报告身体活动增多,更多患者接受护理方案(44% v 30%),抗生素救援包(37% v 29%)和吸入器使用技术检查(68% v 55%)。

结论:新的电话指导干预能促进轻度呼吸困难的初级保健患者的行为改变,但不能改变自我管理活动和改善健康相关生活质量。

原始出处:
Jolly K, Sidhu MS, Hewitt CA, et al.Self management of patients with mild COPD in primary care: randomised controlled trial.BMJ. 2018 ;361:k2241. doi: 10.1136/bmj.k2241.

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    2019-03-17 gaoxiaoe
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    2018-07-08 gous

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The Lancet:85%COPD患者错失早期诊断的良机

COPD患者的典型症状及体征可随着时间的推移而逐渐出现,只有当严重且不可逆的损害形成时才能确诊为COPD。早诊断、早治疗不仅能延缓COPD患者的病情进展,还能减少医疗支出。 英国普利茅斯大学半岛医学院的Jones博士等开展了一项研究,对COPD患者确诊前的医疗模式及在此期间出现的合并症进行了评估。结果在线发表于The Lancet上。研究认为:重视下气道症状及COPD相关长期合并症,有助于COP

Chest:COPD患者长期使用较高剂量ICS是否增加骨折风险?

发表在《Chest》的一项由加拿大科学家进行的研究考察了慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)患者长期使用吸入性糖皮质激素(ICS)与骨折风险之间的相关性