Clin Infect Dis:抗体检测在冠状病毒感染早期时的诊断价值

2020-03-26 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

新冠状病毒感染潜伏期长达14天,无症状感染者更是病毒传播的主要“媒介”,早早的确诊感染者,及时进行隔离,有助于控制新冠状病毒的传播。因此,实验室检测技术显得尤为重要。

背景:冠状病毒病(COVID-19)是2019年出现是一个重要的医疗威胁。目前的检测方法包括qPCR技术,当存在足够数量的病毒核酸时,该技术可以识别病毒核酸。可能会出现假阴性结果。如果不能对感染患者及时进行隔离,则会大大增加病毒传播。本研究旨在评估机体针对SARS-CoV-2产生的各种抗体的时间动力学,并评估通过抗体检测诊断COVID-19的潜力。

方法:以重组病毒核衣壳蛋白为基础,采用ELISA法检测宿主对SARS-CoV-2的体液免疫应答,包括IgA、IgM和IgG应答。共采集了82例确诊病例和58例疑似病例(qPCR阴性,但有典型表现)的208份血浆标本。评价IgM在本队列中的诊断价值。

结果:IgM和IgA抗体检测的中位持续时间为发病后5天(IQR 3~6天),IgG检测的中位持续时间为14天(IQR 10~18天),阳性率分别为85.4%、92.7%和77.9%。确诊病例和疑似病例IgM抗体阳性率分别为75.6%和93.1%。发病5.5天后,IgM ELISA法的检测效率高于qPCR法。IgM ELISA联合PCR检测的阳性检出率(98.6%)较仅进行qPCR试验(51.9%)显著提高(P<0.05)。

结论:机体对SARS-CoV-2所产生的体液反应有助于COVID-19的诊断,包括疑似病例。

原始出处:

Guo Li,Ren Lili,Yang Siyuan et al. Profiling Early Humoral Response to Diagnose Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19).Clin. Infect. Dis., 2020.

 

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    2020-03-28 marongnuan
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