Cell Reports:神经退行性疾病的朊毒蛋白如何在脑部扩散

2016-11-14 佚名 生物谷

最近一项研究发现神经细胞间的突触在引起神经退行性疾病的毒性蛋白传播过程中发挥重要作用。这导致毒性蛋白能够在脑部扩散,促进阿尔茨海默病等神经退行性疾病的进展。如果能够找到阻止这些毒性蛋白扩散的方法,神经退行性疾病的进展或可得到延缓。相关研究结果发表在国际学术期刊Cell Reports上。科学家们已经知道在神经退行性疾病发病过程中,毒性蛋白可以在脑


最近一项研究发现神经细胞间的突触在引起神经退行性疾病的毒性蛋白传播过程中发挥重要作用。这导致毒性蛋白能够在脑部扩散,促进阿尔茨海默病等神经退行性疾病的进展。如果能够找到阻止这些毒性蛋白扩散的方法,神经退行性疾病的进展或可得到延缓。相关研究结果发表在国际学术期刊Cell Reports上。这一结果与另一篇结果相近:Nature:阿尔茨海默病会传染?

科学家们已经知道在神经退行性疾病发病过程中,毒性蛋白可以在脑部扩散。随着疾病进展,越来越多的脑部区域受到影响。Patrik Verstreken教授这样说道:“打个比方来说,这种情况就像一滴墨水落入了一杯清水里:毒性蛋白会慢慢扩散到整个脑部。我们已经知道这类疾病的发展遵循这样的路径,但是哪些过程会帮助毒性蛋白扩散还不清楚。”

该研究提供的最新证据表明突触是介导毒性蛋白传播扩散的关键因素,他们还揭示了背后的机制。他们发现毒性蛋白包裹在运输小泡中被细胞吞入,这样实现从一个脑细胞扩散到另一个临近的脑细胞。进入细胞后运输小泡就会破裂释放出毒性蛋白。

“在人类群体中已知有一些遗传因素会增加阿尔茨海默病发病风险,我们发现BIN1基因发生的常见基因变异能够直接影响毒性蛋白在突触位置的扩散。”

这些发现为治疗神经退行性疾病开启了新的视角。通过理解毒性蛋白如何在脑细胞之间传播,未来可以发现治疗方法来阻断该过程或将引导毒性蛋白运输到细胞内的“垃圾箱”。

这项研究的结果主要基于体外实验,因此在阿尔茨海默病的动物模型上对这些结果进行进一步验证非常重要。了解了传播机制,科学家们还需要找到干预它的好方法。

原始出处

Sara Calafate, William Flavin, Patrik Verstreken, Diederik Moechars.Loss of Bin1 Promotes the Propagation of Tau Pathology.Cell Reports.2016

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    2017-10-04 维他命
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    2016-11-15 李东泽

    很好,不错,以后会多学习

    0

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越来越多的人暴露于来自飞机、医疗设备等的电离辐射中,约1/3的诊断性CT扫描了脑部。据发表于Oncotarget的一项新的研究表明,这种辐射或可促进神经退行性疾病(如老年痴呆症)的发生。该研究展示了低剂量电离辐射诱导的大脑中的分子变化,类似阿尔茨海默氏症的病理变化。 最近的数据表明,即使是相对较低的辐射剂量,类似于CT扫描的辐射剂量,可能会触发与认知功能障碍相关的分子变化。 该研究中,

Nature:专题 神经退行性疾病

神经退行性疾病的发病率不断攀升,部分原因在于人类寿命增长,却仍然缺乏治疗此类疾病的方法。11月9日Nature杂志推出了“Neurodegenerative diseases”特刊,探索大脑衰老的机制,介绍了目前针对老年痴呆症、肌萎缩侧索硬化症和帕金森病的研究新进展。同时也揭示了朊蛋白病相关的研究也许扩展到更多常见神经退行性疾病,并为淀粉样蛋白的功能提供新的观点。