诊断原醛,肾上腺CT不靠谱,超四成患者或致治疗不当,分侧肾上腺静脉取血才是“金标准”

2019-07-28 卢芳 中国循环杂志

原发性醛固酮增多症是常见的继发性高血压病因之一,其中肾上腺CT在原发性醛固酮增多症中发挥重要作用,不过这种诊断手段是否很靠谱?

原发性醛固酮增多症是常见的继发性高血压病因之一,其中肾上腺CT在原发性醛固酮增多症中发挥重要作用,不过这种诊断手段是否很靠谱?

近日,阜外医院蒋雄京、邹玉宝等将其与“金标准”分侧肾上腺静脉取血进行了比较,结果发现,应用肾上腺 CT对原发性醛固酮增多症分侧诊断,和“金标准”符合率不高。

研究者建议,所有欲行肾上腺手术治疗者均应行分侧肾上腺静脉取血,以便于正确分侧进而准确治疗。

研究显示,肾上腺 CT和分侧肾上腺静脉取血符合率为54.2%(84/155),其中肾上腺 CT 示单侧病变、单侧腺瘤、双侧病变和双侧正常患者,符合率分别为 57.0%(45/79)、61.1%(33/54)、33.3%(4/12)和 54.7%(35/64)。

如果以分侧肾上腺静脉取血作为诊断标准,仅根据肾上腺 CT 来制定治疗方案,可能导致 45.8%(71/155)的患者治疗不当。

具体为 14.2%(22/155)被选择行不必要的肾上腺手术,23.9%(37/155)本应选择手术却推荐非手术治疗,7.7%(12/155)手术侧选择错误。

对于 2016 年美国内分泌学会推荐仅凭 CT 就可选择单侧肾上腺手术治疗的 7 例(4.5%)患者,肾上腺 CT 与分侧肾上腺静脉取血的符合率为71.4% (5/7)。

而国外相关研究结果也显示,以肾上腺CT或核磁扫描结果来制定治疗方案,会导致37.8%的原发性醛固酮增多症患者误诊误治,其中14.6%会被选择进行不必要的肾上腺手术,而19.1%本该手术却未手术,还有4.6%的患者手术侧选择错误。

还有研究则显示,以分侧肾上腺静脉取血指导肾上腺切除,患者血压改善率明显较肾上腺CT更高(98% vs 87%,P=0.03)

该研究共纳入155例住院原发性醛固酮增多症患者,平均年龄(48.0 ±11.3)岁,男性占58.1%;133例曾有自发性低血钾,15例合并冠心病,6例合并外周血管疾病,34例合并睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征。

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    2020-01-09 heli0118
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    2020-07-05 fusion
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    2019-07-29 1591f7c6a8m

    学习了

    0