JAMA:使用家庭血压测量结果评估高血压治疗效果如何?

2018-11-30 王淳 环球医学网

2018年11月,发表于《JAMA》上的一项研究,考察了使用家庭血压测量结果评估高血压治疗质量,效果如何。

2018年11月,发表于《JAMA》上的一项研究,考察了使用家庭血压测量结果评估高血压治疗质量,效果如何。

初级医疗实践越来越多参与质量检测相关的按绩效付费项目,例如高血压的控制情况。研究者推荐质量检测员允许卫生医疗机构在评估和报告高血压控制时使用家庭血压监测(HBPM)。这项建议是基于HBPM预后价值的严格证据,目前的实践模式以及利益相关者的偏好,包括卫生医疗组织、临床医生和患者。

基于诊室血压测量指标:循证指南推荐通过HBPM确诊高血压诊断并根据指南治疗,因为10%~50%的诊室高血压(OBP)患者的血压在诊室外正常。依赖OBP还可能产生错误的风险评估。大型队列研究(n=63910名患者)显示,同未治疗的血压正常的患者相比,未经治疗的白大衣高血压患者具有较高的死亡风险(风险比,1.79[95%CI,1.38~2.32]),但BP药物治疗的白大衣高血压患者没有额外风险(风险比,1.06[95%CI,0.82~1.37])。

因此,接受BP药物治疗的白大衣高血压患者不应与那些持续不受控制的高血压患者分组进行临床决策或质量报告。使用HBPM将有助于避免这种分类误差。相同的,忽视HBPM可能会将HBPM高值和正常OBP(隐蔽性高血压)的患者误诊为高血压控制患者。

家庭血压监测:HBPM的优点很多。首先,HBPM能减轻白大衣作用并在几天内获得多次检测,其比OBP能产生更准确的BP控制和血管风险评估。其次,HBPM允许临床医生,包括药师、护士和医师助理,调整间隔较长时间的医生诊室治疗间的治疗方案,这一策略在血压控制方面产生持续的、具有临床重大意义的改善,并促进初级保健的跨学科团队合作。第三,92家初级保健临床医生和200名高血压患者的研究证实两组均更喜欢用HBPM评估BP状态。第四,HBPM可通过减少上门门诊的需求来提高诊疗效率(例如,仅仅为测BP而就诊),并且可加快达到目标BP值的时间。第五,在诊所外的环境中提供治疗与改善患者满意度和患者参与治疗计划相关。

改善血压报告和治疗质量:连续3到7日每天早上两次和晚上两次读取HBPM能准确估计BP控制,可能是一个很好的测量方法。考虑的另一个方面是正常HBPM检测的阈值。OBP为140/90 mmHg对应的HBPM是135/85 mmHg。医疗机构可以建立流程来对高HBPM读数或低HBPM读数进行分类和反应。

在高血压控制评估中增加使用HBPM的建议与将患者报告的结果整合到质量评估中的努力是一致的。抑郁筛查、跌倒、肺炎球菌和流感疫苗以及吸烟状况的检测取决于患者报告的内容。同样的原理也适用于高血压。从OBP向HBPM的转变将与基于证据的推荐、目前实践模式、临床医生和患者的偏好保持一致。随着有利于HBPM的证据不断积累,已到更新如何评估和报告高血压治疗质量的时候。

原始出处:
Hwang KO1, Thomas EJ1, Petersen LA2.Use of Home Blood Pressure Results for Assessing the Quality of Care for Hypertension.JAMA. 2018 Nov 6;320(17):1753-1754. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.12365.

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    2018-11-30 内科新手

    谢谢梅斯提供这么好的信息,学到很多

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1950423, encodeId=c10019504231e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dfd4e8626e1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#结果评估#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78626, encryptionId=dfd4e8626e1, topicName=结果评估)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6eba113, createdName=xiaoyeshuang, createdTime=Tue Aug 20 02:30:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1679368, encodeId=051f16e9368c4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c0ee889564a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血压测量#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88956, encryptionId=c0ee889564a, topicName=血压测量)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=47e127763663, createdName=zxxiang, createdTime=Wed Aug 14 06:30:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1894087, encodeId=4326189408e39, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5e456463eee' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#治疗效果#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64637, encryptionId=5e456463eee, topicName=治疗效果)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=373a131, createdName=jxrzshh, createdTime=Fri May 31 00:30:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1031985, encodeId=639e103198500, content=谢谢梅斯提供这么好的信息,学到很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=内科新手, createdTime=Fri Nov 30 17:30:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1046683, encodeId=0d7b1046683d1, content=疗效只是效果的众多方面之一,还要看对患者的获益,包括生活质量等因素共同决定效果的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=CHANGE, createdTime=Fri Nov 30 17:30:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-11-30 CHANGE

    疗效只是效果的众多方面之一,还要看对患者的获益,包括生活质量等因素共同决定效果的

    0

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