年年体检正常却突患癌症?快看看你的体检项目选对没

2018-08-08 体检君 北京市体检中心

如今,健康管理概念深入人心,大多数正规单位年年都会安排职工体检。不过,体检完看报告没有发现问题,为何却突然有一天查出癌症?大家不禁纳闷,年年体检正常,为何还会患癌?普通体检查不出癌症健康体检不等于癌症筛查。常规健康体检的侧重点主要在体格检查、心脑血管疾病、慢性肝病和糖尿病等方面,而没有放在癌症筛查方面。此外,健康体检的常规设备难以发现早期肿瘤。人体肿瘤从一个正常的组织细胞演变成一个直径0.5~1

如今,健康管理概念深入人心,大多数正规单位年年都会安排职工体检。不过,体检完看报告没有发现问题,为何却突然有一天查出癌症?

大家不禁纳闷,年年体检正常,为何还会患癌?

普通体检查不出癌症

健康体检不等于癌症筛查。常规健康体检的侧重点主要在体格检查、心脑血管疾病、慢性肝病和糖尿病等方面,而没有放在癌症筛查方面。

此外,健康体检的常规设备难以发现早期肿瘤。人体肿瘤从一个正常的组织细胞演变成一个直径0.5~1厘米左右的实体瘤,大概需要8~10年。在这个过程中,早期难以被B超、X光所看到。

建议一:用前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)项目排查前列腺癌

前列腺彩超常被用来检查前列腺癌的情况,然而对于健康人来说,最重要的是筛查早期癌,建议50岁以上的男性,可用前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)项目来排查前列腺癌。PSA价钱更加低廉,是早期筛查前列腺癌特异性的最方便、敏感的方法。

建议二:用低剂量螺旋CT查肺癌

X光片检测肺癌,由于其分辨率低,因此检出率比较低,如果胸部X光片检查诊断肺癌临床常常就已经到晚期了。

建议用高清CT检测肺癌由于分辨率高,肺癌肿瘤在1厘米,甚至0.8厘米时即可被查出。建议50岁以后的中老年人或有肺癌家族史的人,体检中把X光片换成CT。

另外,更推荐大家用低剂量螺旋CT查肺癌,加上几个生物标记,检出率可以到90%以上。

建议三:自摸自检

B超、乳腺钼靶筛查乳腺癌

对于乳腺癌的早期筛查,首先建议自摸自检、B超或通过乳腺钼靶照片来判断。相对于乳腺CT,核磁检查效果明显更好。

建议四:镜为癌筛查首选

实验室化验指标包括红血球压积、血红蛋白、大便潜血、胃液情况等多个项目,常常在体检中用来指示胃部的健康情况。

实验室化验指标用于胃部疾病的初筛还可以,但如果用这些指标来筛查胃癌,在准确性上还达不到要求。

建议以胃镜最为标准、精确,是筛查并确诊胃癌的首选。

建议五:“甲胎蛋白+B超”联合查肝癌

很多人体检时都会选择做腹部B超,以为这样可以查出肝部问题。其实,肝癌因早期没有明显症状,具有病情隐匿、进展快速的特点,等到肝病损伤达七八成时才出现症状,往往已属于中晚期,这让很多患者错过治疗的最佳时机。

建议查肝癌需要做“甲胎蛋白+B超”联合检查。单独用甲胎蛋白普查,则会使大约20%左右的肝癌患者漏诊,因为只有80%左右的肝癌患者甲胎蛋白会升高,也就是说单纯的检测血清甲胎蛋白值正常,仍不能完全排除患肝癌的可能性。

B超联合血清甲胎蛋白检测肝癌准确率达到90%以上,是临床诊断早期肝癌首选的检查方法。

建议六:基因检测成“算命神器”  筛查癌症不靠谱

近年来,五花八门的基因检测产品层出不穷。只需一点唾液样本,就能知道自己会不会患癌;只要花几百元就能知道自己是否携带肥胖基因,甚至被部分商家炒作成为“算命神器”。于是,很多人相信做个基因检测,就能预防癌症。

实际上,癌细胞的判断依据主要是病例切片,如果仅凭基因检测判断,就不那么靠谱了。

想检测自己会不会患癌,还是应该去医院做针对性检查,而不是盲目相信所谓的基因检测。

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    2018-08-10 marongnuan
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    2018-08-10 lq0307
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    2018-08-08 清风拂面

    谢谢分享学习

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