JAMA子刊:家族性高脂血症患者坚持健康生活方式也能降低86%的冠心病风险

2022-04-06 网络 网络

携带家族性高胆固醇血症变异体的人可从生活方式干预中获益,以降低他们的CAD风险。

家族性高脂血症变异患者损害了循环中胆固醇的清除,增加了冠状动脉疾病(CAD)的风险。坚持健康的生活方式在多大程度上与变异携带者和非携带者的较低CAD风险有关,值得进一步研究。

为了评估家族性高脂血症变异和坚持健康生活方式与CAD风险之间的相互关系,来自麻省总院基因组医学中心的专家开展了一项横断面研究,使用了来自英国生物库的基因测序和生活方式数据的2个独立数据集:4896例和5279例对照的病例对照研究和39920名参与者的队列研究。结果发表在JAMA NETWORK OPEN杂志上。

参与者是在2006年3月21日至2010年10月1日期间从英国的22个地点招募的。队列研究使用的是具有可用基因测序数据的个人样本。暴露由临床实验室遗传学家分类的致病或可能致病的DNA变体,以及根据4分评分系统(以下每项得1分:健康饮食、定期锻炼、不吸烟、无肥胖)坚持健康的生活方式。主要结果是冠状动脉疾病的发生。

病例对照研究包括10175名参与者(6828名男性[67.1%];平均[SD]年龄,58.6[7.2]岁),队列研究包括39920名参与者(18802名男性[47.1%];随访结束时平均[SD]年龄,66.4[8.0]岁)。在4896个病例中的35个(0.7%)和5279个对照中的12个(0.2%)中发现了变异体,对应的OR=3.0(95%CI,1.6-5.9),在队列研究中,108人(0.3%)发现了变异体,其中CAD的RR=3.8(95%CI,2.5-5.8)。

在家族性高胆固醇血症变体的携带者和非携带者中,这种风险似乎根据生活方式的类别而变化,携带者状态和生活方式之间没有明显的交互作用(OR=1.2[95% CI,0.6-2.5])。在携带者中,与不利的生活方式相比,有利的生活方式可使CAD的风险降低86%(HR=0.14 [95% CI, 0.04-0.41])。

家族性高胆固醇血症变体携带者状态和坚持健康生活方式而导致的冠状动脉疾病风险

到75岁时CAD的估计风险因生活方式不同而不同,从具有良好生活方式的非携带者的10.2%到具有不利生活方式的非携带者的24.0%不等,从具有良好生活方式的携带者的34.5%到具有不利生活方式的携带者的66.2%。

本研究表明,与普通人群相似,携带家族性高胆固醇血症变异体的人可能从生活方式干预中获益,以降低他们的CAD风险。

参考文献:

Association of the Interaction Between Familial Hypercholesterolemia Variants and Adherence to a Healthy Lifestyle With Risk of Coronary Artery Disease. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222687. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2687

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    2022-04-08 pcw111
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    2022-04-08 wetgdt
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    2022-04-06 肿瘤克星

    JAMA上文章都是顶级的,谢谢梅斯及时上新

    0

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慢性肾脏病(CKD)定义:各种原因引起的慢性肾脏结构和功能障碍(肾脏损害病史大于3个月),包括肾GFR正常和不正常的病理损伤、血液或尿液成分异常,及影像学检查异常。

拓展阅读

BMC Medicine:中国18-40岁年轻人基因筛查家族性高胆固醇血症的成本效益分析

此次研究采用决策分析Markov模型,模拟了不同筛查策略下的终身冠心病事件、折现成本、质量调整生命年(QALYs)以及增量成本效果比(ICERs)。

Eur Heart J:成纤维细胞生长因子5是家族性高胆固醇血症的新生物标志物

这一分析表明,FGF-5可能是区分家族性高胆固醇血症患者和HC患者的生物标志物。

Atherosclerosis:儿童家族性高胆固醇血症降脂治疗的疗效与安全性

本研究强调,在儿童HeFH患者中,选择合适剂量的他汀单药或联合依折麦布治疗可最大程度降低LDL-C水平,从而减少CVD风险。

Eur Heart J:家族性高胆固醇血症患者冠心病发病和死亡年龄

从1978年到2021年,在丹麦全国范围内,对于被诊断为家族性高胆固醇血症的个体,观察到死亡年龄有正常化的趋势,但对于冠心病的年龄则没有观察到这一变化。

中国儿童和青少年家族性高胆固醇血症:一项多中心研究

研究强调了中国FH儿科患者早期诊断不足和治疗不及时的问题,表明应通过血脂或基因筛查提高早期识别,并实施更加及时和规律的药物治疗。

JAMA Pediatr:Alirocumab在杂合子家族性高胆固醇血症儿童患者中的应用——一项随机临床试验

Alirocumab Q2W或Q4W可能显著有助于降低LDL-C和其他脂质参数,并且在他汀类药物控制不佳的HeFH儿童患者中耐受性良好。