工程化肿瘤细胞载药系统治疗三阴性乳腺癌肺转移

2022-07-31 中科院上海药物所 网络

该研究为TNBC肺转移的联合治疗提供了一种新方法。

肺转移患者占全部转移性三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)病例的36.9%,是TNBC致死的重要原因之一。肺转移灶部位形成免疫抑制性微环境,逃避免疫系统监视清除,为肿瘤的发生发展创造有利条件。美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)于2020年批准帕博利珠单抗(anti-PD-1抗体)联合化疗方案治疗PD-L1阳性的原发不可切除或转移性TNBC。然而,小分子化疗药在肺部及肺转移灶清除快、富集难的问题,仍是制约联合疗法克服TNBC肺转移的重要挑战。

7月16日,《先进材料》(Adv Mater)以“Walking dead tumor cells for targeted drug delivery against lung metastasis of triple negative breast cancer”为题,在线发表了上海药物所李亚平研究员、王当歌副研究员和复旦大学姜嫣嫣教授团队合作的最新研究成果。

该研究开发了一种基于灭活肿瘤细胞的载药系统,实现化疗药阿霉素(DOX)和anti-PD-1抗体在肺部及肺转移灶的蓄积及智能释药,改善肺部免疫微环境并抑制肺转移灶生长。

为提高药物在肺部及肺转移灶的蓄积并实现智能释药,研究团队通过冻融法获得灭活肿瘤细胞并进行表面巯基化改造,随后在灭活肿瘤细胞表面分别利用硫酯键偶联负载DOX的脂质体,利用二硫键负载anti-PD-1抗体,获得工程化细胞载药系统。

该载药系统具备以下主要特点:(1)灭活肿瘤细胞的尺度及表面黏附分子有利于实现负载药物在肺部及转移灶的被动/主动靶向分布;(2)灭活肿瘤细胞保留大量肿瘤相关抗原,作为肿瘤疫苗诱导抗肿瘤免疫应答;(3)脂质体处方实现了DOX分子的长效缓释,而二硫键偶联有利于anti-PD-1抗体在活化T细胞的还原性表面释放;(4)灭活肿瘤细胞疫苗,DOX诱导的免疫原性细胞死亡(ICD)和PD-1抗体的免疫检查点阻断效应,协同激活抗肿瘤免疫应答并解除免疫抑制,改善肺部免疫微环境。

在三阴性乳腺癌4T1肺转移荷瘤小鼠模型中的药效评价显示,该工程化细胞载药系统可显著抑制肺部转移灶的形成,改善4T1肺转移小鼠体重下降程度,延长小鼠的生存期。该研究为TNBC肺转移的联合治疗提供了一种新方法。

上海药物所李亚平研究员、王当歌副研究员和复旦大学姜嫣嫣教授为本文的共同通讯作者,硕士赵梓彤为本文第一作者。该研究得到了国家自然科学基金、中科院青促会和上海市科学技术委员会等项目的资助。

全文链接

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adma.202205462

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    2022-07-29 xlysu
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