NEJM:Avacopan用于治疗ANCA相关性血管炎

2021-02-18 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

导语:Avacopan对ANCA相关性血管炎的作用

导语:Avacopan对ANCA相关性血管炎的作用

抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体(ANCA)相关血管炎的患者容易发生危及生命的并发症,包括进行性局灶性坏死性肾小球肾炎引起的肾功能损害。ANCA相关血管炎也可能由于器官损害,药物(包括长期使用糖皮质激素)毒性等而导致生活质量下降


在ANCA相关血管炎发病机理中,替代补体途径激活导致末端C5a的产生是重要原因之一。Avacopan是一种口服的小分子C5a受体拮抗剂,可选择性地通过C5a受体(C5aR,也称为CD88)阻断C5a的作用,包括阻断中性粒细胞的化学引诱和激活。 在与ANCA相关的血管炎的小鼠模型中,avacopan预防了由抗髓过氧化物酶抗体诱导的肾小球肾炎的发展。Avacopan在2期试验中显示出对血管炎的作用。研究人员由此进行了一项3期随机试验(ADVOCATE),该试验比较了avacopan与逐渐减少的泼尼松在同时接受免疫抑制药物治疗的ANCA相关血管炎患者身上的作用。


在这项随机对照试验中,研究人员以1:1的比例分配患有ANCA相关血管炎的患者,以每日两次30 mg的剂量口服Avacopan或按逐渐减量的方案口服泼尼松。所有患者均接受环磷酰胺(随后是硫唑嘌呤治疗)或利妥昔单抗治疗。第一个主要终点是缓解,定义为第26周的伯明翰血管炎活性评分(BVAS)为0(等级从0到63,评分越高表示疾病活动越多),并且在之前的4周中未使用糖皮质激素。 第二个主要终点是持续缓解,定义为在第26周和第52周均缓解。两个终点均经过了非劣性(差20个百分点)和优越性测试。


共有331例患者接受了随机分组。166人被分配至Avacopan组,165人被分配至泼尼松组。两组在基线时的平均BVAS为16。在第26周时(第一个主要终点),Avacopan组的166名患者中有120名患者(72.3%)缓解,泼尼松组的164名患者中有115名患者(70.1%)缓解(估计的普遍差异为3.4个百分点;置信区间为95%[ CI],-6.0至12.8;非劣效性P <0.001;优越性P = 0.24)。在第52周时(第二个主要终点),Avacopan组的166位患者中有109位(65.7%)持续缓解,泼尼松组则有90位(54.9%)患者观察到持续缓解(估计的共同差异为12.5个百分点; CI为95%,2.6至22.3;非劣质性,P <0.001;优越性,P = 0.007)。严重的不良事件(不包括恶化的血管炎)发生率在Avacopan组为37.3%,泼尼松组为39.0%。

实验结论表明 ,在这项涉及ANCA相关血管炎患者的试验中,Avacopan在26周时的缓解率不低于泼尼松,但在52周时的持续缓解方面优于泼尼松。所有患者均接受了环磷酰胺或利妥昔单抗治疗。 该试验未讨论avacopan超过52周的安全性和临床疗效。

 

原文链接:https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2023386?query=featured_home

Avacopan for the Treatment of ANCA-Associated Vasculitis 
David R.W. Jayne, M.D., Peter A. Merkel, M.D., M.P.H. February 18, 2021 N Engl J Med 2021; 384:599-609 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2023386

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1837905, encodeId=f9b7183e90586, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3f34e253206' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#相关性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72532, encryptionId=3f34e253206, topicName=相关性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a9de34, createdName=shenxlcyp, createdTime=Fri Sep 03 20:54:23 CST 2021, time=2021-09-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1263257, encodeId=cd3c126325e65, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=581e8968859' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血管炎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89688, encryptionId=581e8968859, topicName=血管炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=909c71, createdName=shijzhiewnjhch, createdTime=Fri Feb 19 23:54:23 CST 2021, time=2021-02-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1400816, encodeId=28f214008166d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0ba9248543' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ANCA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2485, encryptionId=0ba9248543, topicName=ANCA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://q.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101296147/EE600EF84628E8BB8DF2285885814D26/100, createdBy=116f2265509, createdName=Boyinsh, createdTime=Fri Feb 19 23:54:23 CST 2021, time=2021-02-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1461716, encodeId=263c1461e1652, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5578302189' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#avacopan#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3021, encryptionId=5578302189, topicName=avacopan)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=62456440237, createdName=医生2396, createdTime=Fri Feb 19 23:54:23 CST 2021, time=2021-02-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1035576, encodeId=cd1b10355e632, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Thu Feb 18 11:54:23 CST 2021, time=2021-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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    2021-02-19 Boyinsh
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1837905, encodeId=f9b7183e90586, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3f34e253206' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#相关性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72532, encryptionId=3f34e253206, topicName=相关性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a9de34, createdName=shenxlcyp, createdTime=Fri Sep 03 20:54:23 CST 2021, time=2021-09-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1263257, encodeId=cd3c126325e65, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=581e8968859' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血管炎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89688, encryptionId=581e8968859, topicName=血管炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=909c71, createdName=shijzhiewnjhch, createdTime=Fri Feb 19 23:54:23 CST 2021, time=2021-02-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1400816, encodeId=28f214008166d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0ba9248543' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ANCA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2485, encryptionId=0ba9248543, topicName=ANCA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://q.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101296147/EE600EF84628E8BB8DF2285885814D26/100, createdBy=116f2265509, createdName=Boyinsh, createdTime=Fri Feb 19 23:54:23 CST 2021, time=2021-02-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1461716, encodeId=263c1461e1652, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5578302189' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#avacopan#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3021, encryptionId=5578302189, topicName=avacopan)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=62456440237, createdName=医生2396, createdTime=Fri Feb 19 23:54:23 CST 2021, time=2021-02-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1035576, encodeId=cd1b10355e632, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Thu Feb 18 11:54:23 CST 2021, time=2021-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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    2021-02-18 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

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