多种皮瓣联合应用修复上唇部多发性基底细胞癌一例

2019-09-24 臧志伟 王少华 李记森 中国美容整形外科杂志

基底细胞癌(basal cell carcinoma, BCC)是的有毛生长部 位出现表皮基底细胞、皮肤附件病变[1],进而引起的一种常见 性皮肤恶性肿瘤疾病。其 80%好发生于阳光照射下损伤后 10~50 年的面部[2-3],外科手术的彻底切除为第一选择。

基底细胞癌(basal cell carcinoma, BCC)是的有毛生长部 位出现表皮基底细胞、皮肤附件病变[1],进而引起的一种常见 性皮肤恶性肿瘤疾病。其 80%好发生于阳光照射下损伤后 10~50 年的面部[2-3],外科手术的彻底切除为第一选择。

1 临床资料

患者男性,46 岁, 4 年前于面部发现一皮肤肿物,经病理 确诊为基底细胞癌。于潍坊市人民医院美容整形科行基底细 胞癌切除术 + 任意皮瓣成形术。术后 2 年未复发,瘢痕不明 显。2017 年 2 月患者上唇部出现 2 个黑色皮肤肿物,最大如 花生大小;上唇红白唇交界处右侧肿物约 1.2 cm×1.0 cm,左 侧肿物约 1.0 cm×0.7 cm,因肿物反复破溃形成结痂,病理确 诊为基底细胞癌伴溃疡形成。术前考虑两肿物间距仅 2.0 cm, 且基底细胞癌手术时切除范围应超出正常组织 0.5 cm[4],这 样切除后的两肿物创缘相邻约 1.0 cm,常规旋转皮瓣拉拢缝 合张力较大,术后变形明显。所以术前设计采用改良双叶皮 瓣复合滑行皮瓣(右)+ 改良菱形皮瓣(左)进行修复,以降低 缝合张力,减轻术后瘢痕与变形,达到美学修复。手术过程: ⑴常规消毒,铺巾,切口线外局部浸润麻醉。⑵沿设计线自 肌肉表面完整切除上唇右侧肿物,以 2%碘酊灭活 5 min, 75%乙醇脱碘,更换器械及手套。⑶沿右侧设计线切开皮瓣, 自肌肉上掀起滑行皮瓣,同时自脂肪深层掀起改良双叶皮 瓣,向下向内旋转覆盖缺损处,3- 0 丝线固定 1~2 针。⑷同法 切除上唇左侧肿物,于左侧鼻唇沟处行改良菱形皮瓣旋转修 复缺损。⑸两侧修剪调整后用 3- 0 丝线单纯间断缝合。



图 1 术前设计 图 2 术后即刻 图 3 术后 2 周

2 结果

2 处皮瓣均成活,手术切口一期愈合,无并发症发生。术 后每 2 d 换药 1 次,7 d 间断拆线, 2 年后随访手术部位基底 细胞癌未见复发,手术切口与周围正常皮肤色泽、质地良好, 唇弓连续,唇峰与人中嵴形态良好,双侧对称,红唇瘢痕不明 显;患者在说话、微笑、进食与静息状态下无影响,瘢痕隐蔽, 无上唇麻木、感觉减退等不适。见图 1~3。

3 讨论

上唇部美学亚单位十分集中,在面部美学上占有重要地 位。上唇中部的缺损不但破坏了面部整体形态,严重者甚至 会影响饮食、语言等重要生理活动,给患者的生理和心理造 成较大的影响,所以患者对于修复术式通常要求较高。因此, 理想的手术修复方法是在重建正常上唇解剖结构的同时,恢复良好的形态和功能,同时要力求美学修复[5]。然而本例患者 在手术上的难度为:⑴因 2 个基底细胞癌同时出现在上唇 部,相距较近,如果在完整切除的前提下直接拉拢缝合,势必 会造成上唇美学单位破坏与上唇畸形。⑵右侧的基底细胞癌 位于红白唇与人中嵴及唇峰的交界处。我们在手术成功后的 几点体会:⑴对于上唇的 2 处缺损可以采用 2 个或多个局部 皮瓣联合应用,以得到较好的功能与美学修复效果。⑵上唇 部美学亚单位众多,面积狭小,可利用的皮肤不多,采用多个 局部皮瓣联合应用,术后变形小,瘢痕更明显。⑶同时修复 2 个相近的缺损时,切勿先修剪一侧多余皮肤及“猫耳” ,以免 调整时皮肤不够。⑷上唇区的血运丰富,皮瓣转移后容易成 活,伤口愈合较快,尽管距口周较近,但感染发生率比较低。

参考文献略。

原始出处:

臧志伟,王少华,李记森,张伟等,多种皮瓣联合应用修复上唇部多发性基底细胞癌一例[J],中国美容整形外科杂志,2019,30(8):512.

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    2020-08-08 jml2009
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    2019-09-26 sunylz