盘点:JACC6月第4期研究一览

2018-06-26 MedSci MedSci原创

1. 健康的生活方式可降低糖尿病患者心血管风险DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.04.027http://www.onlinejacc.org/content/71/25/2867目前,关于生活方式对糖尿病患者心血管疾病发生的影响尚属未知。本研究的目的旨在评估2型糖尿病患者良好的生活方式与其心血管疾病发生率和死亡率的关系。本研究纳入了11527名2型糖尿病患者(女性占8970名

DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.04.027


目前,关于生活方式对糖尿病患者心血管疾病发生的影响尚属未知。本研究的目的旨在评估2型糖尿病患者良好的生活方式与其心血管疾病发生率和死亡率的关系。本研究纳入了11527名2型糖尿病患者(女性占8970名),所有患者在诊断糖尿病时均无心血管疾病和癌症。良好的生活方式包括高质量饮食、无烟、中等强度的体育锻炼((≥150min/周)和适当饮酒(女性5-15g/天;男性5-30g/天)。经过平均13.3年时间的随访,共有2311例心血管事件发生,858例心血管源性死亡。低风险生活方式与低心血管疾病发生率和死亡率相关,有3个或3个以上良好生活习惯的患者的整体心血管疾病发生率较无良好生活习惯患者的危险比是0.48 (95% [CI]: 0.40 - 0.59)。另外,诊断糖尿病前后生活习惯有改善的患者与心血管疾病发生率和死亡率的降低也呈相关性。研究结果显示,在成年2型糖尿病患者中,良好的生活习惯方式与低心血管疾病发病率和死亡率呈相关性。

DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.03.539


自发性主动脉斑块破裂(SRAP)可能造成动脉粥样硬化性栓塞,且被认为大多数是医源性的。本研究的目的旨在通过血管透照法评估SRAP的发病率、类型和大小。本研究纳入了324名诊断或怀疑有冠心病的患者,通过血管内窥镜对其进行了主动脉内的检测。最终,共有262名患者(80.9%)检测到SRAP,其中120名是在横膈以下水平的主动脉发生。96名患者的斑块成功取出,共482个样本,其中粥样物质、纤维蛋白、巨噬细胞和钙化分别有237个 (49.1%)、244个(50.6%)、111个 (23.0%)和127个 (26.3%),斑块的平均长度和宽度分别是254 μm 和148 μm。另外,患者通过心导管介入术后24小时内没有观察到栓塞症状。研究结果显示,自发性主动脉斑块破裂通常是分散的,且大小较以往报道更小。

DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.04.029


既往研究证明,心脏短暂缺血可以在不引起坏死的前提下诱导心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)释放和心肌细胞凋亡。本研究的目的旨在评估左室前负荷的瞬时增高是否会在不引起心脏缺血的情况下诱导cTnI的释放。本研究对13只实验猪进行了苯肾上腺素(PE)(300 μg/min)长达1个小时的静脉注射,以增加左室舒张末期压力(LVEDP)至30mmHg,并对实验猪进行了cTnI水平和心功能的监测,心肌组织用来检测细胞凋亡和坏死的水平。研究结果显示,PE的灌注使猪的收缩压从137 ± 14 mm Hg增加至192 ± 11 mm Hg (p < 0.001),使LVEDP从17 ± 2 mm Hg增加至30 ± 5 mm Hg (p < 0.001),心肌流量测试结果显示无心肌缺血。实验猪经冠脉cTnI水平在基线处较低(16 ± 20 ng/l),但当LVEDP升高1小时后增加至856 ± 956 ng/l (p = 0.01),病理学结果提示心肌细胞凋亡始于PE3小时后(31.3 ± 11.9 心肌细胞/cm2 vs. 4.6 ± 3.7 心肌细胞/cm2; p < 0.01),24小时后未见病理性坏死。本研究结果显示,左室舒张末期压力的增高可在不引起心肌缺血的情况下诱导cTnI的释放和心肌细胞凋亡的发生。这就可以解释临床上前负荷引起的心肌损伤可以在无心梗症状的情况下引起cTnI水平的增高。

DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.03.536


轻链(AL)和甲状旁腺素(ATTR)淀粉样变患者的预后受心脏表现的影响。ATTR淀粉样变的预后优于AL淀粉样变,提示AL淀粉样变发表机制的不同。本研究的目的旨在评估淀粉样变性患者心肌水肿的发生率及其对预后的影响。本研究纳入了286名淀粉样变患者,其中100名为系统性AL淀粉样变,163名为心脏ATTR淀粉样变,12名为疑似心脏ATTR淀粉样变患者,11名为无症状的淀粉样TTR基因突变携带者,30名正常对照。所有研究对象均接受了心脏磁共振检查,16名接受了心内膜心肌活检。分析结果显示,心肌T2信号在淀粉样变患者中明显增高,其中在未接受治疗的AL患者中增高最明显。与AL淀粉样变患者相比,ATTR淀粉样变患者的左室质量和细胞外体积分数更高,而左室射血分数更低。在87.5%的心肌活检患者中检测出心脏水肿。Cox回归分析后发现,心肌T2信号可以预测AL淀粉样变患者死亡风险。本研究结果显示,心脏淀粉样变患者会出现心肌水肿,且心脏磁共振T2信号在未接受治疗的AL患者中更高,是预测AL淀粉样变患者预后的因子之一。

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1854073, encodeId=ce4618540e35e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=48351020537' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#JACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10205, encryptionId=48351020537, topicName=JACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Fri Mar 22 03:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=328409, encodeId=6393328409ff, content=学习了.学习了.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Sun Jul 01 09:33:04 CST 2018, time=2018-07-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1325875, encodeId=e8b413258e5d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=96c71804b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1804, encryptionId=96c71804b7, topicName=ACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e452500029, createdName=12498568m50暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Jun 28 12:11:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=327421, encodeId=6e3a32e421a1, content=肌钙蛋白升高.临床思路又得到了扩展., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d7881672775, createdName=通通, createdTime=Wed Jun 27 11:40:35 CST 2018, time=2018-06-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=327253, encodeId=306e32e25312, content=认真学习.把间接经验应用到临床实践中去.然后再总结出新思路.给点赞啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Tue Jun 26 23:56:44 CST 2018, time=2018-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-03-22 hbwxf
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1854073, encodeId=ce4618540e35e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=48351020537' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#JACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10205, encryptionId=48351020537, topicName=JACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Fri Mar 22 03:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=328409, encodeId=6393328409ff, content=学习了.学习了.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Sun Jul 01 09:33:04 CST 2018, time=2018-07-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1325875, encodeId=e8b413258e5d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=96c71804b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1804, encryptionId=96c71804b7, topicName=ACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e452500029, createdName=12498568m50暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Jun 28 12:11:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=327421, encodeId=6e3a32e421a1, content=肌钙蛋白升高.临床思路又得到了扩展., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d7881672775, createdName=通通, createdTime=Wed Jun 27 11:40:35 CST 2018, time=2018-06-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=327253, encodeId=306e32e25312, content=认真学习.把间接经验应用到临床实践中去.然后再总结出新思路.给点赞啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Tue Jun 26 23:56:44 CST 2018, time=2018-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-01 虈亣靌

    学习了.学习了.学习了

    0

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    2018-06-27 通通

    肌钙蛋白升高.临床思路又得到了扩展.

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1854073, encodeId=ce4618540e35e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=48351020537' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#JACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10205, encryptionId=48351020537, topicName=JACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Fri Mar 22 03:11:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=328409, encodeId=6393328409ff, content=学习了.学习了.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Sun Jul 01 09:33:04 CST 2018, time=2018-07-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1325875, encodeId=e8b413258e5d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=96c71804b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1804, encryptionId=96c71804b7, topicName=ACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e452500029, createdName=12498568m50暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Jun 28 12:11:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=327421, encodeId=6e3a32e421a1, content=肌钙蛋白升高.临床思路又得到了扩展., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d7881672775, createdName=通通, createdTime=Wed Jun 27 11:40:35 CST 2018, time=2018-06-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=327253, encodeId=306e32e25312, content=认真学习.把间接经验应用到临床实践中去.然后再总结出新思路.给点赞啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Tue Jun 26 23:56:44 CST 2018, time=2018-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-06-26 虈亣靌

    认真学习.把间接经验应用到临床实践中去.然后再总结出新思路.给点赞啦

    0

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