ALIMENT PHARM THERAP:他克莫司显示对难治性溃疡性结肠炎有短期疗效

2012-11-29 ALIMENT PHARM THERAP ALIMENT PHARM THERAP

       德国一项回顾性研究显示,他克莫司可能是糖皮质激素难治性溃疡性结肠炎患者的一种有效治疗选择。        在美国,他克莫司主要作为溃疡性结肠炎的三线选择使用,排在激素和抗TNF-α抗体(如英夫利西单抗)之后,部分原因在于缺乏研究数据。        “他

       德国一项回顾性研究显示,他克莫司可能是糖皮质激素难治性溃疡性结肠炎患者的一种有效治疗选择。

       在美国,他克莫司主要作为溃疡性结肠炎的三线选择使用,排在激素和抗TNF-α抗体(如英夫利西单抗)之后,部分原因在于缺乏研究数据。

       “他克莫司不常用是因为其未被证明具有长期益处。”Steven Hanauer博士说。“该研究只显示了3个月的结果,我们还不知道患者能否有效维持疗效。”

       2012年11月5日在线发表在《Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics》杂志上的一篇图表综述中,研究者调查了130名中重度活动性激素难治性溃疡性结肠炎成人患者,这些患者在德国3个医疗中心接受他克莫司治疗3个月。总体上,118例患者以每天0.1 mg/kg的剂量开始口服他克莫司,10例患者开始静脉用他克莫司,后来均换为口服给药。还有2例患者的初始治疗数据不可用。此外,115例患者同时接受糖皮质激素治疗,75例还接受免疫抑制剂治疗。主要转归是12周时无结肠切除术生存,研究还用Lichtiger指数评估了疾病活动性。

       在他克莫司治疗的3个月内,14%的患者需要接受结肠切除术。中位Lichtiger评分从基线的13分降至1个月(n=109例患者)和3个月(n=80例患者)的3分。72%的患者获得临床缓解。
总体上,53%的患者报告了他克莫司导致的不良事件。2例患者不得不停止治疗,1例是由于血清肌酐增加,另1例则是由于药物不耐受。

       尽管研究者报告不良反应是轻度的,但他克莫司在既往的肝移植和肾移植试验中导致了肾毒性。该研究还是无法解决该药潜在的长期毒性。
“我们必须非常谨慎地解释结果。” Colombel博士说。“该药的副作用,特别是对肾脏的副作用,可能会限制其长期使用。

       他克莫司目前已被批准用于治疗多种移植适应证,但是美国和欧洲几乎没有该药治疗难治性溃疡性结肠炎的数据。更为重要的是,专家说,该药还没有前瞻性地与二线TNF-α阻滞剂比较。

       “目前,大多数阳性数据来自日本,”Walter Reinisch博士指出。“为了改变我们对他克莫司的看法,可能需要前瞻性地将其与英夫利西单抗进行头对头比较。”

       但进行头对头试验的可能性不大,该研究第一作者Klaus Juergen Schmidt博士说。近年来,几项对照试验推动了英夫利西单抗的使用,但这种情况不太可能应用他克莫司。

       “由于商业原因,将不会申办他克莫司对照试验。”Schmidt博士。“尽管如此,至少在德国,在激素治疗无效的情况下,几家就诊量大的医疗中心已将他克莫司作为一线选择使用。”


Short-term efficacy of tacrolimus in steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis – experience in 130 patients

Background
Steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis (UC) remains a challenging condition warranting surgery upon failure of pharmacological treatment. Calcineurin inhibitors or infliximab are alternatives in this situation. Data on the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus in this setting are limited.

Aim
To study the short-term efficacy and safety of tacrolimus in moderate-to-severe steroid-refractory UC. The role of thiopurines in this situation and predictors of colectomy were evaluated.

Methods
In three centers, all charts from tacrolimus-treated patients with steroid-refractory UC were reviewed. Efficacy was assessed by colectomy-free survival and clinical remission at 3 months.

Results
We identified 130 patients with pancolitis in 75 (59%), left-sided disease in 35 (27%) and proctitis in 18 patients (14%) (disease localisation not obtainable in two patients). The median age was 40 (range: 18–81). Clinical activity according to the median Lichtiger score decreased from 13 (range: 4–17) at baseline to 3 (0–14) at week 12. Eighteen patients underwent colectomy within the first 3 months of treatment with tacrolimus (14%). Clinical remission was achieved in 94 patients (72%) in this period. Thiopurines given in parallel to tacrolimus tended to limit colectomy and significantly increased remission (P = 0.002) in the short-term. No other predictors of colectomy or remission were identified. Side effects were noticed in 53% of patients and no severe events occurred.

Conclusion
This large survey confirms the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus in patients with steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis.

全文下载:
Short-term efficacy of tacrolimus in steroid-refractory.pdf

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    2013-03-03 jj000001
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    2013-06-18 nymo
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    2012-11-30 freve

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