Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol:城市地区孕妇的致敏模式和过敏研究

2021-06-03 AlexYang MedSci原创

在世界范围内,过敏症的影响超过了10亿人,而年轻成年人似乎是过敏诊断的主要对象。在怀孕期间,过敏性疾病对母亲和孩子都有影响,但过敏是否会导致不良的妊娠结果,如死胎或早产,了解较少。研究表明,哮喘病人有

在世界范围内,过敏症的影响超过了10亿人,而年轻成年人似乎是过敏诊断的主要对象。在怀孕期间,过敏性疾病对母亲和孩子都有影响,但过敏是否会导致不良的妊娠结果,如死胎或早产,了解较少。研究表明,哮喘病人有一些不利于怀孕的风险,但意外的是,过敏性鼻炎和特应性皮炎患者却存在保护作用。这种关系也可能反映了其他一些调节因素,如教育水平。较高的学历和社会经济地位与更高的过敏风险有关,但与较低的不良妊娠结果风险有关。

怀孕期间的过敏性疾病主要是预先存在的,但也可能是新发生的。怀孕期间的免疫变化以及Th2淋巴细胞活性的增加,可以促进过敏原的致敏。近期,有研究人员评估了怀孕期间对常见吸入性和食物性过敏原的特异性IgE(sIgE)致敏模式,并评估了其与自我报告的过敏性疾病的关系

他们共评估了200名孕妇,年龄在20-38岁之间(平均年龄为29岁),她们居住在大都市,没有妊娠相关的代谢并发症。研究人员共对20种过敏原的总IgE和过敏原特异性IgE进行了评估。

结果发现,48%的孕妇对至少一种过敏原敏感,截断值为0.35 kU/L,并归类为特应性过敏原。然而,特应性组中有42%的人没有报告任何过敏性疾病。最常见的吸入性过敏原为花粉(24.5%)和动物皮屑(23.5%)。最常见的食物过敏原为牛乳(5.5%)和苹果(4.5%)。7.5%的妇女报告有哮喘,21.5%的报告有过敏性鼻炎,11.5%的报告有特应性皮炎,18.5%的报告有食物过敏。8.5%的人正在服用治疗哮喘或过敏的药物。特应性皮炎在怀孕期间最容易恶化,且特应性妇女的总IgE值明显较高。

孕妇吸入性过敏原的敏感模式

综上所述,过敏性敏感是妊娠期的一种常见现象。一些过敏性疾病可能是无症状的。进一步的研究可以调查母亲的过敏是否会给她们的孩子带来免疫变化的风险。

原始出处:

Hanna Danielewicz , Anna Dębińska , Grzegorz Myszczyszyn et al. Sensitisation patterns and allergy outcomes in pregnant women living in the urban area. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. May 2021

 

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    2021-08-14 一叶知秋
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    2021-11-01 skhzy
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    2021-06-09 cy816aa4912

    妊娠及哺乳后过敏性鼻炎发生的确需要关注

    0

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    2021-06-05 膀胱癌

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