Sci Rep:研究发现影响肺癌治疗成功的关键原因!

2017-07-22 枫丹白露 来宝网

一组研究人员发现了一个生物学解释,为什么成功治疗后12个月的小细胞肺癌患者会复发。他们发现化疗耐药复合物从以前对治疗敏感的循环肿瘤细胞发育而来。



小细胞肺癌:发现治疗阻力的原因】一组研究人员发现了一个生物学解释,为什么成功治疗后12个月的小细胞肺癌患者会复发。他们发现化疗耐药复合物从以前对治疗敏感的循环肿瘤细胞发育而来。

奥地利维也纳医科大学的研究人员在科学报告杂志上报告了他们的发现。

在美国,肺癌占所有新癌症的约14%。不算皮肤癌,这种疾病是男性中第二常见的癌症:在男性中,它仅次于前列腺癌,而在女性中,它仅次于乳腺癌

每年在美国,更多的人死于肺癌,而不是结肠癌,乳腺癌和前列腺癌。

国家估计表明,2017年将有222,500人被诊断患有肺癌,155,870人将死于该病。

肺癌有三种主要类型:非小细胞肺癌,小细胞肺癌和肺类癌肿瘤。

侵袭性的癌症迅速传播

作为新研究的主题的小细胞肺癌(SCLC)是一种通常快速传播并占所有肺癌的10%至15%的癌症。

研究人员指出,诊断为SCLC的患者的“绝大多数”包括几十年来大量烟草消费的吸烟者。

他们解释说,在大多数情况下,当患者首次出现SCLC时,肿瘤是侵略性的并已经扩散,这意味着手术不再是一种选择。

不幸的是,在化疗和放疗治疗成功回应了一年之后,患有晚期SCLC的患者通常随着抗肿瘤进一步化疗而复发。

此后,预后很差,病人很少活几个月。

高度“肿瘤”

以前,虽然很明显,复发是由于肿瘤对化疗产生耐药性,但没有明确的生物学解释。

现在,新研究表明化疗耐药机制是循环肿瘤细胞形成高度耐药的复合物。

维也纳医科大学外科系Gerhard Hamilton博士解释说:“循环肿瘤细胞聚集在一起,以保护自身不受化学疗法的影响,就像一个覆盖的车笼一样,从而阻止任何活性剂进入。

汉密尔顿博士和同事们称之为“肿瘤球”的多细胞聚集体包含“数十万个细胞”,可以直径达2毫米。

化疗药物的肿瘤体积比首次发现肿瘤的耐药性高8倍。

“独特的肿瘤模型”

研究人员提出三种增加肿瘤细胞化疗耐药性的原因。

首先,由于复合物的性质,许多肿瘤细胞不易获得。其次,氧气不足 - 也就是说,条件是“缺氧”。

作者在肿瘤球中提高化疗耐药性的第三个原因是它们在细胞周期的生长期具有小得多的细胞百分比,或者具有较小的“生长部分”。

原始出处:

Lukas Klameth, Barbara Rath, Maximilian Hochmaier, et al. Small cell lung cancer: model of circulating tumor cell tumorospheres in chemoresistance. Scientific Reports 7, Article number: 5337 (2017), doi:10.1038/s41598-017-05562-z.

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    2017-07-28 1e1263e3m20(暂无匿称)

    文章不错值得学习

    0

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    2017-07-25 ylzr123

    好文,值得点赞!认真学习了,把经验应用于实践,为患者解除病痛。

    0

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    2017-07-23 虈亣靌

    不错的文章,值得学习

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    2017-07-23 doctorJiangchao

    继续学习。

    0

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