J Am Coll Cardiol:多学科讨论:不吃早餐增加动脉粥样硬化性疾病风险

2017-11-03 吴星 环球医学

已知与心血管疾病(CVD)进展相关的一些疾病,如糖尿病、肥胖、高血压和血脂异常,可通过生活方式变化而改变。2017年10月,发表在《J Am Coll Cardiol》的PESA研究阐述了早餐在动脉粥样硬化性疾病中的重要性。

已知与心血管疾病(CVD)进展相关的一些疾病,如糖尿病、肥胖、高血压和血脂异常,可通过生活方式变化而改变。2017年10月,发表在《J Am Coll Cardiol》的PESA研究阐述了早餐在动脉粥样硬化性疾病中的重要性。请看本期多学科讨论组临床药师各抒己见为您梳理本文看点——

背景:日常习惯,包括进食的数量和质量,是具有较大健康影响的一级预防策略的潜在目标。不吃早餐被认为是与心血管(CV)风险增加相关的较频繁出现的和不健康的习惯。

目的:旨在探讨不同早餐模式和CV风险因素与亚临床动脉粥样硬化的发生、分布和延伸的相关性。

方法:PESA(早期亚临床动脉粥样硬化进展)研究是一项前瞻性队列研究,研究对象为40~54岁的无症状成人(基线无CV事件)的前瞻性队列。在该研究内,研究者进行了一项横断面分析。研究者收集了4052名参与者的生活方式和多血管影像数据与临床变量。多变量逻辑回归模型用于分析。

结果:共研究了3种早餐模式:高能量早餐,早餐能量摄入占每天总能量摄入>20%(27%的人群);低能量早餐,早餐能量摄入占每天总能量摄入的5%~20%(70%的人群);不吃早餐,早餐能量摄入占每天总能量摄入<5%(3%的人群)。独立于传统和饮食CV风险因素存在与否,与高能量早餐相比,习惯性不吃早餐与较高的非冠脉动脉粥样硬化(比值比[OR],1.55;95% 置信区间[CI],0.97~2.46)和广义动脉粥样硬化(OR,2.57;95% CI 1.54~4.31)患病率增加相关。

结论:独立于传统CV风险因素的存在,不吃早餐与非冠脉和广义动脉粥样硬化患病率的增加相关。

多学科讨论记实

研究者首次报告了不同早餐模式,如高能量早场、低能量早餐和不吃早餐摄入与动脉粥样硬化之间的相关性的证据。

迄今为止,仅有两项研究评估了经常不吃早餐这一习惯与CVD之间的相关性。一项队列研究的结果显示,经常不吃早餐的人中,总CVD、总卒中和出血风险分别高14%、18%和36%。第2项研究中,报告不吃早餐的参与者冠心病风险平均高27%;然而,风险是由BMI和健康状况介导的。为了考察本研究中观察到的相关性能否简单地由SBF患者中更高的CVD风险因素流行率进行解释,研究者进行了一项多变量分析,控制了腰围、高血压糖尿病、血脂异常和吸烟。校正这些条件后,并在一项敏感性分析中排除肥胖参与者(未显示数据),风险评估降低但依然显着,表明不吃早餐确实是围绕在动脉粥样硬化周围的早发和进展的风险因素之一。

原始出处

Uzhova I, Fuster V, Fernández-Ortiz A, et al. The Importance of Breakfast in Atherosclerosis Disease: Insights From the PESA Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017 Oct 10;70(15):1833-1842. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.08.027.

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    2018-04-03 waiwai3030
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    2017-11-05 zhouqu_8
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    2017-11-05 LSJ117

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