Nature:癌症百年谜题终遭破解!有望带来乳腺癌全新疗法

2018-04-04 药明康德 学术经纬

大约在100年前,著名的生理学家Otto Warburg教授与他的同事们发现了癌细胞一个有趣的现象:和正常细胞相比,癌细胞要消耗更多的葡萄糖。这听起来很合理——癌细胞是一类需要快速分裂和增殖的恶性细胞,当然需要更多的能量。

大约在100年前,著名的生理学家Otto Warburg教授与他的同事们发现了癌细胞一个有趣的现象:和正常细胞相比,癌细胞要消耗更多的葡萄糖。这听起来很合理——癌细胞是一类需要快速分裂和增殖的恶性细胞,当然需要更多的能量。

可是对这些癌细胞的进一步分析,却催生了一个巨大的谜题:我们知道细胞主要有两种代谢葡萄糖的方式,一种是通过线粒体的有氧呼吸,另一种则是发酵(无氧途径的一种)。前者产生能量(ATP)的效率要远高于后者。但令人意外的是,将近80%的癌细胞会使用发酵来获取能量。为什么癌细胞不用效率更高的代谢方式呢?这个被称为“Warburg效应”的问题深深困扰了百年来的癌症科学家们。

来自著名癌症研究机构贝勒医学院(Baylor College of Medicine)的一支团队意外地发现了这个问题的答案。这项研究的主要负责人之一Bert O'Malley教授曾在多年前与团队一道发现了一种叫做SRC-3的转录调控蛋白。这类蛋白在大部分癌细胞里会过量表达,而它会进一步“启动”引起异常生长、癌症转移、乃至癌症耐药的基因,可以说是部分癌症的一大罪魁祸首。

研究人员们也发现,癌细胞往往会“改造”SRC-3蛋白。比如,如果在SRC-3蛋白上加上一个磷酸基团,这个蛋白的活性就会大大增加,诱导肿瘤产生。这个磷酸基团又会进一步提高SRC-3的转录水平,形成恶性循环……

那么,细胞里的哪些“共犯”会提高SRC-3的活性呢?研究人员们通过筛选,发现一种叫做PFKFB4的蛋白起到了主要的调控作用。这让研究人员大为意外。

“这完全出乎我们的预料,”该研究的第一作者Subhamoy Dasgupta博士说道:“我们只知道PFKFB4能给Warburg通路里的糖分子添加磷酸基团。没有人想到它居然还能给蛋白质添加磷酸基团!”

更令人激动的发现还在后头!研究人员们意识到,PFKFB4可能通过给SRC-3添加上磷酸基团,让后者变成一个癌症驱动蛋白。换句话说,如果我们能消除或抑制PFKFB4,就有望“关闭”潜在的致癌变化。在小鼠模型中,这一假设得到了验证。研究人员们发现,如果移除肿瘤里的PFKFB4或SRC-3,就几乎能彻底消除乳腺癌的复发和转移。此外,抑制SRC-3的磷酸化也能起到同样的效果。这些研究表明PFKFB4介导的SRC-3磷酸化的确是诱发癌症的关键,也为未来的癌症疗法开发提供了两个潜在靶点。


针对SCR-3或PFKFB4,可以缩小肿瘤的体积

这个今日在线发表在顶尖学术期刊《自然》上的研究回答了百年来困扰肿瘤学家的难题。“癌细胞明明需要大量的能量来维持生长,为什么它们还倾向使用产生ATP较少的通路?Warburg通路对癌细胞来说难道能带来什么优势吗?我们的研究吹散了这些谜团。” O'Malley教授说道。

原来,癌细胞早就做出了选择。诚然,他们选择的代谢通路产生能量的效果不高,但却能极大地帮助它们扩散与转移。很不幸,狡诈的癌细胞选择的道路对癌症扩散是有利的。


该研究找到了潜在的抗癌新通路

但一旦识破癌细胞的策略,我们就有望带来新的抗癌方法。“这项研究的有趣之处在于我们解决了这个百年来的谜题。我们的发现也能带来更多未来疗法的靶点。考虑到乳腺癌的复发与转移是临床上的一大挑战,这些潜在新疗法非常重要。” O'Malley教授补充道。

原始出处:

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1882945, encodeId=d62b188294556, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Nov 14 20:49:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1554533, encodeId=3936155453379, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=74e458559f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新疗法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58559, encryptionId=74e458559f5, topicName=新疗法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d03114536414, createdName=kcb074, createdTime=Fri Apr 06 03:49:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=302717, encodeId=cd88302e1795, content=还是没看懂.为什么肿瘤细胞选择糖酵解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c9681648269, createdName=1ddbf960m17(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Apr 04 17:25:18 CST 2018, time=2018-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=302693, encodeId=a42730269384, content=^_^^_^^_^, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Swp2ehfHpiciczeTntUyQOlIGMzQ705ic67sdMTVMbwTv7KbmlUvxrGvRSvQZjPkz7ib5tEDfIaORgczPtmHDpwojg/0, createdBy=c54b2163125, createdName=wqkm, createdTime=Wed Apr 04 12:57:16 CST 2018, time=2018-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=302692, encodeId=b022302692ee, content=^_^^_^^_^, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Swp2ehfHpiciczeTntUyQOlIGMzQ705ic67sdMTVMbwTv7KbmlUvxrGvRSvQZjPkz7ib5tEDfIaORgczPtmHDpwojg/0, createdBy=c54b2163125, createdName=wqkm, createdTime=Wed Apr 04 12:56:56 CST 2018, time=2018-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-11-14 liye789132251
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1882945, encodeId=d62b188294556, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Nov 14 20:49:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1554533, encodeId=3936155453379, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=74e458559f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新疗法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58559, encryptionId=74e458559f5, topicName=新疗法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d03114536414, createdName=kcb074, createdTime=Fri Apr 06 03:49:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=302717, encodeId=cd88302e1795, content=还是没看懂.为什么肿瘤细胞选择糖酵解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c9681648269, createdName=1ddbf960m17(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Apr 04 17:25:18 CST 2018, time=2018-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=302693, encodeId=a42730269384, content=^_^^_^^_^, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Swp2ehfHpiciczeTntUyQOlIGMzQ705ic67sdMTVMbwTv7KbmlUvxrGvRSvQZjPkz7ib5tEDfIaORgczPtmHDpwojg/0, createdBy=c54b2163125, createdName=wqkm, createdTime=Wed Apr 04 12:57:16 CST 2018, time=2018-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=302692, encodeId=b022302692ee, content=^_^^_^^_^, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Swp2ehfHpiciczeTntUyQOlIGMzQ705ic67sdMTVMbwTv7KbmlUvxrGvRSvQZjPkz7ib5tEDfIaORgczPtmHDpwojg/0, createdBy=c54b2163125, createdName=wqkm, createdTime=Wed Apr 04 12:56:56 CST 2018, time=2018-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-04-06 kcb074
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1882945, encodeId=d62b188294556, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Nov 14 20:49:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1554533, encodeId=3936155453379, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=74e458559f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新疗法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58559, encryptionId=74e458559f5, topicName=新疗法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d03114536414, createdName=kcb074, createdTime=Fri Apr 06 03:49:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=302717, encodeId=cd88302e1795, content=还是没看懂.为什么肿瘤细胞选择糖酵解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c9681648269, createdName=1ddbf960m17(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Apr 04 17:25:18 CST 2018, time=2018-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=302693, encodeId=a42730269384, content=^_^^_^^_^, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Swp2ehfHpiciczeTntUyQOlIGMzQ705ic67sdMTVMbwTv7KbmlUvxrGvRSvQZjPkz7ib5tEDfIaORgczPtmHDpwojg/0, createdBy=c54b2163125, createdName=wqkm, createdTime=Wed Apr 04 12:57:16 CST 2018, time=2018-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=302692, encodeId=b022302692ee, content=^_^^_^^_^, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Swp2ehfHpiciczeTntUyQOlIGMzQ705ic67sdMTVMbwTv7KbmlUvxrGvRSvQZjPkz7ib5tEDfIaORgczPtmHDpwojg/0, createdBy=c54b2163125, createdName=wqkm, createdTime=Wed Apr 04 12:56:56 CST 2018, time=2018-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-04-04 1ddbf960m17(暂无匿称)

    还是没看懂.为什么肿瘤细胞选择糖酵解

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1882945, encodeId=d62b188294556, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Nov 14 20:49:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1554533, encodeId=3936155453379, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=74e458559f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新疗法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58559, encryptionId=74e458559f5, topicName=新疗法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d03114536414, createdName=kcb074, createdTime=Fri Apr 06 03:49:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=302717, encodeId=cd88302e1795, content=还是没看懂.为什么肿瘤细胞选择糖酵解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c9681648269, createdName=1ddbf960m17(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Apr 04 17:25:18 CST 2018, time=2018-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=302693, encodeId=a42730269384, content=^_^^_^^_^, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Swp2ehfHpiciczeTntUyQOlIGMzQ705ic67sdMTVMbwTv7KbmlUvxrGvRSvQZjPkz7ib5tEDfIaORgczPtmHDpwojg/0, createdBy=c54b2163125, createdName=wqkm, createdTime=Wed Apr 04 12:57:16 CST 2018, time=2018-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=302692, encodeId=b022302692ee, content=^_^^_^^_^, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Swp2ehfHpiciczeTntUyQOlIGMzQ705ic67sdMTVMbwTv7KbmlUvxrGvRSvQZjPkz7ib5tEDfIaORgczPtmHDpwojg/0, createdBy=c54b2163125, createdName=wqkm, createdTime=Wed Apr 04 12:56:56 CST 2018, time=2018-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-04-04 wqkm

    ^_^^_^^_^

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1882945, encodeId=d62b188294556, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Nov 14 20:49:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1554533, encodeId=3936155453379, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=74e458559f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新疗法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58559, encryptionId=74e458559f5, topicName=新疗法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d03114536414, createdName=kcb074, createdTime=Fri Apr 06 03:49:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=302717, encodeId=cd88302e1795, content=还是没看懂.为什么肿瘤细胞选择糖酵解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c9681648269, createdName=1ddbf960m17(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Apr 04 17:25:18 CST 2018, time=2018-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=302693, encodeId=a42730269384, content=^_^^_^^_^, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Swp2ehfHpiciczeTntUyQOlIGMzQ705ic67sdMTVMbwTv7KbmlUvxrGvRSvQZjPkz7ib5tEDfIaORgczPtmHDpwojg/0, createdBy=c54b2163125, createdName=wqkm, createdTime=Wed Apr 04 12:57:16 CST 2018, time=2018-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=302692, encodeId=b022302692ee, content=^_^^_^^_^, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Swp2ehfHpiciczeTntUyQOlIGMzQ705ic67sdMTVMbwTv7KbmlUvxrGvRSvQZjPkz7ib5tEDfIaORgczPtmHDpwojg/0, createdBy=c54b2163125, createdName=wqkm, createdTime=Wed Apr 04 12:56:56 CST 2018, time=2018-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-04-04 wqkm

    ^_^^_^^_^

    0

相关资讯

J Clin Oncol:来曲唑治疗延长至10年 乳腺癌症的患者生活质量有无影响?

内分泌治疗是晚期乳腺癌治疗的重要手段之一,来曲唑是毒性作用较低的第三代芳香化酶抑制剂。2018年2月,发表于《J Clin Oncol》上的一项随机试验,考察了将来曲唑辅助治疗延长至10年,是否与激素受体阳性乳腺癌患者生活质量(QOL)恶化相关。

NCCN临床实践指南:乳腺癌(2018.V1)

2018年3月,美国国家综合癌症网络(NCCN)发布了乳腺癌管理指南2018年第1版,指南主要内容涉及: 指南更新摘要 非浸润性乳腺癌 浸润性乳腺癌 特殊考虑

JCO:同为乳腺癌患者,男女各有不同

男性乳腺癌约占所有乳腺癌新病例的1%,其分子生物学特征、治疗与结局的数据非常有限,人们对其了解主要来自乳腺癌女性的数据推断。

PLOS ONE:肿瘤微环境如何促进乳腺癌细胞迁移

肿瘤微环境(TME)可以促进肿瘤细胞的侵袭和转移。促癌微环境转化的一个重要步骤是正常基质成纤维细胞向癌相关成纤维细胞(CAF)的转化。

中国蒽环类药物治疗乳腺癌专家共识

20 世纪80 年代,蒽环类药物(anthracyclines)以其卓越的疗效成为乳腺癌术后辅助化疗的里程碑。在新型药物涌现、多种治疗模式并存的循证医学时代,即使重新审视,仍可发现蒽环类药物不仅在乳腺癌术后辅助化疗中占有极其重要的地位,而且在新辅助化疗、晚期乳腺癌患者治疗中也据有一席之地。为了进一步明确蒽环类药物在乳腺癌中的治疗作用,准确评估蒽环类药物的临床疗效及不良反应,减少治疗的盲目性并增强规

Breast Cancer Res Treat:三阴性乳腺癌突变与复发率无关

编者按:由于三阴性乳腺癌的雌激素受体、孕激素受体、人类表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)均为阴性,目前缺乏有效靶向疗法,其全身治疗主要依靠化疗,而且复发率较高。无数科学家正在焚膏继晷夜以继日地探索各种通路基因突变,寻找有效靶点。那么,现有已知基因突变,能否预测三阴性乳腺癌的化疗效果和复发率?