J Crit Care:肠道营养支持的患者是否需要预防性泻药肠道管理?不需要

2021-01-14 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

预防性泻药肠道疗法可以预防接受肠道营养的危重病人便秘的发生。然而,预防性药物的使用也可能会增加腹泻。因此,这类患者是否应该使用预防性泻药肠道治疗目前尚未可知。近日,发表于J Crit Care的一项系

预防性泻药肠道疗法可以预防接受肠道营养的危重病人便秘的发生。然而,预防性药物的使用也可能会增加腹泻。因此,这类患者是否应该使用预防性泻药肠道治疗目前尚未可知。近日,发表于J Crit Care的一项系统性回顾结果显示,对于经常发生便秘和腹泻的危重病人使用预防性泻药肠道治疗的试验较少,不支持这类患者的预防性药物治疗。

研究人员检索了MEDLINE、Embase和CINAHL中报道重症成人患者便秘或腹泻和/或预防性泻药肠道疗法的文章,以探讨危重病人便秘和/或腹泻的流行病学,并评估预防性泻药肠道疗法的试验。

 

结果显示,20%~83%的重症患者发生便秘,3.3%~78%的患者发生腹泻。研究共确定了6项预防性润肠通便方案的研究,但是只有3项随机对照试验。对这些研究进行了荟萃分析,结果显示,与安慰剂相比,预防性泻肠方案增加了患者腹泻的风险(RR 1.58,95% CI 1.22~2.04),但没有降低便秘的风险(RR 0.39,95% CI 0.14~1.05),也没有影响患者的机械通气时间、ICU入院时间和死亡率。

结果森林图:A便秘和腹泻,B MV持续时间,C入ICU时间,D死亡

综上所述,该系统回顾结果表明,接受倡导营养支持的危重病人经常发生便秘和腹泻,但是评价这类患者预防性泻药肠道治疗的研究很少,不支持使用预防性泻药肠道治疗。

 

原始出处:

 

Tyler Hay, Rinaldo Bellomo, et al., Constipation, diarrhea, and prophylactic laxative bowel regimens in the critically ill: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Crit Care. 2019 Aug;52:242-250. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2019.01.004.

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    2021-01-16 xuqianhua
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    2021-01-15 ms4000001796205693

    kank

    0

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