LANCET INFECT DIS:改善口服疫苗性能的干预措施

2019-02-02 MedSci MedSci原创

与高收入国家相比,低收入和中等收入国家的口服疫苗情况不佳。而目前,外部干预是否可以改善口服疫苗的表现尚不确定。

研究人员针对旨在提高口服疫苗效力或免疫原性的干预措施进行了系统评价和荟萃分析。通过检索Ovid-MEDLINEEmbase数据库中发表于20171023日之前的试验。荟萃分析的纳入标准是每个干预类别的两项或更多项研究以及可用的血清转化数据。研究人员进行了随机效应荟萃分析,以产生总体相对风险(RR)估计值。本研究已在PROSPEROCRD42017060608)注册。

研究发现,在确定的2843项研究中,87项符合定性合成资格,66项符合荟萃分析资格。对口服脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗(OPV),口服轮状病毒疫苗(RVV),口服霍乱疫苗(OCV)和口服伤寒疫苗评估了22种不同的干预措施。通常存在很高的异质性。通过将第一次RVV剂量延迟4周(RR 1.3795CI 1.16-1.62)显着增加RVV的血清转换,并且与三价OPV相比,单价或二价OPVOPV血清转换增加(RR 1. 5195CI 1.20-1.91)。有证据表明RVVOPV的分离增加了RVV血清学转换(RR 1.2195CI 1.00-1.47),并且更高的疫苗接种物改善了OCV血清学转换(RR 1.1295CI 1.00- 1.26)。没有证据表明驱虫药,抗生素,益生菌,锌,维生素A对疫苗有作用。

本研究表明,大多数策略不能改善口服疫苗的表现。在免疫计划中应考虑延迟RVV和降低OPV效价以减少全球肠道疾病。同时,迫切需要解决口服疫苗效力差距的新策略。

原始出处:

James A Church, MBBS, Interventions to improve oral vaccine performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

本文系梅斯医学(MedSci)原创编译整理,转载需授权!


 

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    2019-07-31 howi
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    2019-02-06 lietome15

    好文,值得点赞!认真学习,应用于实践!谢谢分享给广大同好!

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