青少年减重手术须谨慎,营养不良可影响发育

2017-06-21 许珈 澎湃新闻

小胖墩越来越多,有些孩子的BMI指数早早就飙升到了超重。近年来,减重手术逐渐进入大家视野。上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院普外科主任医师张频表示,“16岁以下青少年不推荐手术,实在没办法的孩子手术前必须慎重再慎重,决不能盲目。”张频表示,减重手术的目的在于,让一些胖到病态的人能恢复到正常体重,以减少由肥胖引发的各种疾病。此外,Ⅱ型糖尿病患者也可能通过减重手术减轻体重、降低血糖,使患者摆脱长期服药

小胖墩越来越多,有些孩子的BMI指数早早就飙升到了超重。近年来,减重手术逐渐进入大家视野。上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院普外科主任医师张频表示,“16岁以下青少年不推荐手术,实在没办法的孩子手术前必须慎重再慎重,决不能盲目。”

张频表示,减重手术的目的在于,让一些胖到病态的人能恢复到正常体重,以减少由肥胖引发的各种疾病。此外,Ⅱ型糖尿病患者也可能通过减重手术减轻体重、降低血糖,使患者摆脱长期服药、打针的麻烦。

但对于青少年,张频强调,青少年还在生长发育期,减重手术后会面临微量元素缺乏的问题,对孩子不利。

2014年,中国医师协会外科医师分会肥胖和糖尿病外科医师委员会发布了最新的《中国肥胖和Ⅱ型糖尿病外科治疗指南》,对减重手术的对象进行了条件限制。

当病人体重指数(体重/身高的平方)大于等于32.5,那么,无论是否存在代谢紊乱,都建议积极手术;当病人体重指数在27.5和32.5之间,但存在Ⅱ型糖尿病或两项以上其他代谢综合征(如高三酰甘油、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇高血压等),就可以考虑手术;当病人的体重指数没有达到27.5,不建议进行手术。

除了体重指数,是否建议手术还与年龄有关。65岁以上以及16岁以下的人群,并不建议手术。

张频解释,16岁以下青少年不建议手术,手术后,随着胃容量的减少、胃肠道的改道,营养摄入自然会减少。为了避免营养不良,需要补充微量元素,比如钙剂、铁剂及多种维生素等。对于正在生长发育的青少年而言,这绝不是减重的最佳方法。

当然,也有可能遇到一些不得不手术的孩子,比如因肥胖导致血管病早发、代谢性疾病早发。也就是说,当孩子的体重增长已经到了危急生命的时刻,在家属同意以及伦理委员会等相关部门也批准之后,可以考虑手术。但这种情况比较罕见。

张频告诉记者,3年前曾经给一个14岁的孩子做过减重手术,孩子就是典型的威利综合征,当时经过反复讨论,最终才决定手术。“青少年手术必须要谨慎再谨慎,不能为了手术而手术。”张频说。

实际上,儿童肥胖问题由来已久,肥胖能引发的健康问题也不少。然而,手术绝不是首推的方法,一般情况下,也很少使用药物减重。上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院内分泌代谢科主任包玉倩解释,儿童肥胖有两大原因,一是遗传、二是环境。

环境因素包括很多方便,目前比较突出的就是生活节奏太快。孩子的学业压力大,整天坐着忙功课,室外活动的时间少得可怜。久而久之,运动量越来越少,吃的又越来越好,肥胖的问题便会显现出来。

“每个年龄段的孩子都需要合理饮食、适量运动。”包玉倩表示,孩子每天该做多少时间运动、该做哪种强度的运动,都有推荐。孩子如果只是单纯肥胖,父母应首先考虑饮食与运动相结合的方法减重,而非借助外力。

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=220025, encodeId=0281220025bf, content=不错的文章值得学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Sat Jul 08 19:17:47 CST 2017, time=2017-07-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=217742, encodeId=197621e742ed, content=学习了,谢谢作者分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Sun Jul 02 09:35:48 CST 2017, time=2017-07-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1347185, encodeId=93b1134e185c2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=88713e938c1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#发育#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37938, encryptionId=88713e938c1, topicName=发育)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f4c124, createdName=neurowu, createdTime=Fri Jun 23 12:15:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=213818, encodeId=15c0213818a5, content=学习了新知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Thu Jun 22 08:53:43 CST 2017, time=2017-06-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=213661, encodeId=fc94213661f8, content=学习了受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5Kzuf9u71gZhPYMiajRtENwicoAABeQtfXOlic8ibhYSy6DvJZWUDVtjRvTfqBffr1XJ6JLtFB5kHicthl/0, createdBy=d41c2055892, createdName=184****9840, createdTime=Thu Jun 22 00:34:21 CST 2017, time=2017-06-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-07-08 虈亣靌

    不错的文章值得学习

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=220025, encodeId=0281220025bf, content=不错的文章值得学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Sat Jul 08 19:17:47 CST 2017, time=2017-07-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=217742, encodeId=197621e742ed, content=学习了,谢谢作者分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Sun Jul 02 09:35:48 CST 2017, time=2017-07-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1347185, encodeId=93b1134e185c2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=88713e938c1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#发育#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37938, encryptionId=88713e938c1, topicName=发育)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f4c124, createdName=neurowu, createdTime=Fri Jun 23 12:15:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=213818, encodeId=15c0213818a5, content=学习了新知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Thu Jun 22 08:53:43 CST 2017, time=2017-06-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=213661, encodeId=fc94213661f8, content=学习了受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5Kzuf9u71gZhPYMiajRtENwicoAABeQtfXOlic8ibhYSy6DvJZWUDVtjRvTfqBffr1XJ6JLtFB5kHicthl/0, createdBy=d41c2055892, createdName=184****9840, createdTime=Thu Jun 22 00:34:21 CST 2017, time=2017-06-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-07-02 虈亣靌

    学习了,谢谢作者分享!

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=220025, encodeId=0281220025bf, content=不错的文章值得学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Sat Jul 08 19:17:47 CST 2017, time=2017-07-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=217742, encodeId=197621e742ed, content=学习了,谢谢作者分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Sun Jul 02 09:35:48 CST 2017, time=2017-07-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1347185, encodeId=93b1134e185c2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=88713e938c1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#发育#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37938, encryptionId=88713e938c1, topicName=发育)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f4c124, createdName=neurowu, createdTime=Fri Jun 23 12:15:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=213818, encodeId=15c0213818a5, content=学习了新知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Thu Jun 22 08:53:43 CST 2017, time=2017-06-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=213661, encodeId=fc94213661f8, content=学习了受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5Kzuf9u71gZhPYMiajRtENwicoAABeQtfXOlic8ibhYSy6DvJZWUDVtjRvTfqBffr1XJ6JLtFB5kHicthl/0, createdBy=d41c2055892, createdName=184****9840, createdTime=Thu Jun 22 00:34:21 CST 2017, time=2017-06-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-23 neurowu
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=220025, encodeId=0281220025bf, content=不错的文章值得学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Sat Jul 08 19:17:47 CST 2017, time=2017-07-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=217742, encodeId=197621e742ed, content=学习了,谢谢作者分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Sun Jul 02 09:35:48 CST 2017, time=2017-07-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1347185, encodeId=93b1134e185c2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=88713e938c1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#发育#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37938, encryptionId=88713e938c1, topicName=发育)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f4c124, createdName=neurowu, createdTime=Fri Jun 23 12:15:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=213818, encodeId=15c0213818a5, content=学习了新知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Thu Jun 22 08:53:43 CST 2017, time=2017-06-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=213661, encodeId=fc94213661f8, content=学习了受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5Kzuf9u71gZhPYMiajRtENwicoAABeQtfXOlic8ibhYSy6DvJZWUDVtjRvTfqBffr1XJ6JLtFB5kHicthl/0, createdBy=d41c2055892, createdName=184****9840, createdTime=Thu Jun 22 00:34:21 CST 2017, time=2017-06-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-22 Y—xianghai

    学习了新知识

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=220025, encodeId=0281220025bf, content=不错的文章值得学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Sat Jul 08 19:17:47 CST 2017, time=2017-07-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=217742, encodeId=197621e742ed, content=学习了,谢谢作者分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Sun Jul 02 09:35:48 CST 2017, time=2017-07-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1347185, encodeId=93b1134e185c2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=88713e938c1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#发育#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37938, encryptionId=88713e938c1, topicName=发育)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f4c124, createdName=neurowu, createdTime=Fri Jun 23 12:15:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=213818, encodeId=15c0213818a5, content=学习了新知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201006/4db877c2887649beb09cb5effd0b38c7/916f66edd48a4e77b20ebc3e14b6e45c.jpg, createdBy=141e1980133, createdName=Y—xianghai, createdTime=Thu Jun 22 08:53:43 CST 2017, time=2017-06-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=213661, encodeId=fc94213661f8, content=学习了受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5Kzuf9u71gZhPYMiajRtENwicoAABeQtfXOlic8ibhYSy6DvJZWUDVtjRvTfqBffr1XJ6JLtFB5kHicthl/0, createdBy=d41c2055892, createdName=184****9840, createdTime=Thu Jun 22 00:34:21 CST 2017, time=2017-06-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-22 184****9840

    学习了受益匪浅

    0

相关资讯

JAMA Surg:减重手术,竟然还有这种获益!

近年来的数据显示,肥胖和银屑病密切相关,且病情越重,相关度越高。

JCEM:脂肪组织纤维化评分或可判断减重手术的预后

减重手术指利用医学外科手段,改善肥胖症患者的全身症状例如:体重超标、高血压、血脂高、糖尿病等症状的医疗方法,21世纪世界主要流行的四种医疗减重方法为:例如:缩胃术、胃旁路、胃束带、胃内水球疗法等。

盘点:近期减重手术相关研究精华一览

肥胖是当今世界最为常见的健康问题之一。减重手术对于减轻体重和减少肥胖的并发症具有很好的效果。在很多发达国家中,减重手术的应用越来越多。本文梅斯医学小编为大家盘点相关研究进展,与大家分享。【1】BMJ:减重手术增加骨折风险近日,《英国医学杂志》(The BMJ)发表了一篇关于这一课题的研究文章。该研究为回顾性巢式病例对照研究,研究目的为探寻减重手术是否增加骨折风险。研究对象为加拿大魁北克省在20

Metabolism :减重手术对人类皮下脂肪组织炎症的影响

减重手术是指利用医学外科手段,改善肥胖症患者的全身症状例如:体重超标、高血压、血脂高、糖尿病等症状的医疗方法。

盘点:减重手术,你所想象不到的益处!

糖尿病是一种常见的慢性病,是因人体胰岛素失调、内分泌紊乱导致体内糖代谢异常,而引起血管、神经病变和反复感染等一系列并发症,危害机体健康,它可分为I型糖尿病(体内胰岛素细胞完全受损,胰岛素绝对缺乏)和2型糖尿病(体内胰岛素细胞未完全受损,胰岛素相对缺乏)。由于当今社会生活水平改善,加上老龄化以及肥胖问题严重,糖尿病发病率逐年上升,对于这些人群,除了常规的教育宣传、早期诊断、运动饮食和药物治疗外,