JAMA:童年铅暴露与中年时期大脑结构完整性和认知能力下降有关

2020-11-23 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

铅暴露风险最高的儿童(基于社区贫困率和居住年龄)往往有更小的皮质灰质体积,更小的皮质表面积,以及更差的认知测试表现。

许多出生在含铅汽油使用高峰时期人在童年时期就接触过铅,铅会干扰大脑发育,尽管早年接触铅的长期后果尚不清楚,但有研究表明,儿童时期接触铅与成年智商缺陷有关。一直以来认知能力下降是包括痴呆在内的退化性脑疾病的一个危险因素。然而,目前尚不清楚儿童期铅暴露是否与成人神经退行性变直接相关。

近日,JAMA上发表了一项新研究就验证了儿童铅暴露与中年大脑结构完整性较低的磁共振成像(MRI)测量结果相关的假设,这项对564名新西兰中年-儿童进行的纵向前瞻性队列研究显示,儿童期铅暴露过多与45岁时大脑结构的MRI测量值差异显著相关,包括皮质表面积更小、海马体积更小、整体各向异性分数较低,大脑老龄化等。

参与者都是Dunedin研究的成员。整个队列包括1972年4月至1973年3月在新西兰达尼丁出生的所有人,他们在该省居住并在3岁时参加了第一次评估。该队列代表了新西兰南岛一般人口的全部社会经济地位。存档的儿童血铅数据与45岁时MRI对大脑结构完整性的测量和认知能力的测量相关联。

研究结果显示,在1037名原始参与者中,有997人活到45岁,其中564人(57%)在11岁时接受过铅检测(302人[54%]男性)。11岁时平均血铅水平为10.99(标准差,4.63)μg/dL。校正协变量后,儿童血铅水平每升高5μg/dL,与皮质表面积减小1.19-cm2(95%CI,2.35-0.02 cm2;P=0.05)、海马体积减小0.10-cm3(95%CI,0.17-0.03 cm3;P=0.006)有关。血铅水平与对数转换白质高强度容积或平均皮质厚度之间无统计学意义的相关性。儿童血铅水平每升高5μg/dL,于45岁时智商降低2.07分(95%CI,3.39-0.74;P=0.002)和认知问题得分高出0.12分(95%CI,0.01-0.23;P=0.03)显著相关。儿童血铅水平与自我报告的认知问题之间没有统计学意义的联系(b=0.02分;95%CI为0.10-0.07;P=0.68)。

儿童血铅水平与MRI测量中年脑结构完整性的关系

儿童血铅水平与45岁时大脑和认知结果的关系

这些结果与现有的有限证据一致,这些证据表明早期生活铅暴露与大脑形态和功能有关。尚未对儿童进行大规模的铅含量成像评估。但一项包括约1万名儿童(平均年龄为10岁)的核磁共振成像研究发现,铅暴露风险最高的儿童(基于社区贫困率和居住年龄)往往有更小的皮质灰质体积,更小的皮质表面积,以及更差的认知测试表现。

在这项研究中,高血铅水平的儿童在中年时,客观评估的认知能力也较低,反映出从童年开始就有所下降,以及日常认知问题的发生率较高。

儿童期血铅水平与45岁认知能力下降的关系

对研究人员来说,这些结果加强了对接受过铅接触评估的儿童组群进行长期随访的必要性,这些儿童中很少有人在成年后接受过评估。

参考文献:Reuben, A., Elliott, M. L., Abraham, W. C., Broadbent, J., Houts, R. M., Ireland, D., … Moffitt, T. E. (2020). Association of Childhood Lead Exposure With MRI Measurements of Structural Brain Integrity in Midlife. JAMA, 324(19). doi:10.1001/jama.2020.19998。

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    2020-11-25 wmr116
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1805661, encodeId=b59918056616e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d0f1e8592fd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#结构完整性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78592, encryptionId=d0f1e8592fd, topicName=结构完整性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d81c2500028, createdName=12498561m32(暂无昵称), createdTime=Mon Oct 18 05:59:33 CST 2021, time=2021-10-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2006738, encodeId=b6512006e38ea, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=99ff45888bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#完整性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=45888, encryptionId=99ff45888bc, topicName=完整性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIOca9icPByKxo3ZRUrvuibf7tWt7EScQ1NEiaKy4NCUctSU2jDjOayLicDIaicwUxaQhJ1SZKdEevgjRg/132, createdBy=4f272500131, createdName=若水123, createdTime=Wed Oct 27 16:59:33 CST 2021, time=2021-10-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1401282, encodeId=079614012821c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=011f912607c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#认知能力下降#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91260, encryptionId=011f912607c, topicName=认知能力下降)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8e642309178, createdName=hukaixun, createdTime=Wed Nov 25 12:59:33 CST 2020, time=2020-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1424028, encodeId=91e3142402812, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=34db439533f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#大脑结构#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=43953, encryptionId=34db439533f, topicName=大脑结构)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3d9a3889985, createdName=shanyongle, createdTime=Wed Nov 25 12:59:33 CST 2020, time=2020-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1556515, encodeId=de5b15565157d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ab7e85001cf' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑结构#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85001, encryptionId=ab7e85001cf, topicName=脑结构)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4f3114785325, createdName=wmr116, createdTime=Wed Nov 25 12:59:33 CST 2020, time=2020-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=901773, encodeId=24e2901e73c7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8b9a9659eda' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#铅暴露#</a>对人长期的影响深远,直接影响脑功能发育及认知功能,需要引起重视,避免此类接触。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96597, encryptionId=8b9a9659eda, topicName=铅暴露)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200901/629d1ce7d6f64d17a642c37c90dea72c/202f9333a3ea4b23a9b07ede3364e86b.jpg, createdBy=1a335163906, createdName=Sunny orchard, createdTime=Tue Nov 24 14:00:55 CST 2020, time=2020-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1036352, encodeId=b8fe1036352ef, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Tue Nov 24 00:59:33 CST 2020, time=2020-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-11-24 Sunny orchard

    #铅暴露#对人长期的影响深远,直接影响脑功能发育及认知功能,需要引起重视,避免此类接触。

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1805661, encodeId=b59918056616e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d0f1e8592fd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#结构完整性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78592, encryptionId=d0f1e8592fd, topicName=结构完整性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d81c2500028, createdName=12498561m32(暂无昵称), createdTime=Mon Oct 18 05:59:33 CST 2021, time=2021-10-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2006738, encodeId=b6512006e38ea, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=99ff45888bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#完整性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=45888, encryptionId=99ff45888bc, topicName=完整性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTIOca9icPByKxo3ZRUrvuibf7tWt7EScQ1NEiaKy4NCUctSU2jDjOayLicDIaicwUxaQhJ1SZKdEevgjRg/132, createdBy=4f272500131, createdName=若水123, createdTime=Wed Oct 27 16:59:33 CST 2021, time=2021-10-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1401282, encodeId=079614012821c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=011f912607c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#认知能力下降#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91260, encryptionId=011f912607c, topicName=认知能力下降)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8e642309178, createdName=hukaixun, createdTime=Wed Nov 25 12:59:33 CST 2020, time=2020-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1424028, encodeId=91e3142402812, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=34db439533f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#大脑结构#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=43953, encryptionId=34db439533f, topicName=大脑结构)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3d9a3889985, createdName=shanyongle, createdTime=Wed Nov 25 12:59:33 CST 2020, time=2020-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1556515, encodeId=de5b15565157d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ab7e85001cf' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑结构#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85001, encryptionId=ab7e85001cf, topicName=脑结构)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4f3114785325, createdName=wmr116, createdTime=Wed Nov 25 12:59:33 CST 2020, time=2020-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=901773, encodeId=24e2901e73c7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8b9a9659eda' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#铅暴露#</a>对人长期的影响深远,直接影响脑功能发育及认知功能,需要引起重视,避免此类接触。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96597, encryptionId=8b9a9659eda, topicName=铅暴露)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200901/629d1ce7d6f64d17a642c37c90dea72c/202f9333a3ea4b23a9b07ede3364e86b.jpg, createdBy=1a335163906, createdName=Sunny orchard, createdTime=Tue Nov 24 14:00:55 CST 2020, time=2020-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1036352, encodeId=b8fe1036352ef, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Tue Nov 24 00:59:33 CST 2020, time=2020-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-11-24 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

    0

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