JAMA 子刊:长期服用阿片类药物患者换为丁丙诺啡,风险有多大?

2021-09-09 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

谨慎用药!

众所周知,阿片类药物作为镇痛的主要类别,在缓解中度至重度疼痛疗效非常显著。然而,长期使用阿片类药物治(LTOT) 会带来健康风险,包括阿片类药物滥用、免疫和内分泌功能抑制,自我奖惩机制失调和神经激素缺陷等。当风险大于收益时,建议逐渐减少或停止 LTOT。然而,在实践中,逐渐减少是具有挑战且可能导致疼痛和增加心理困扰。

近日,发表在JAMA Netw Open杂志上一项研究显示,丁丙诺啡与慢性疼痛减轻有关,而不会导致阿片类药物戒断或其他严重不良反应。

在这项研究中,研究人员通过PubMedCINAHLEmbasePsycInfo检索了了刑官同行评议的原始英文研究,这些研究报告了慢性疼痛患者从长期阿片类药物处方转向丁丙诺啡的预设结果,并对研究质量进行评估。

研究人员共分析了22 项研究,其中 5 项为随机临床试验,7 项为病例对照或队列研究,10项为非对照研究,共涉及 1616 名参与者,包括675 名女性 941 名男性。22 项研究中有 6 项是对大型随机临床试验的主要或次要分析。参与者有不同的疼痛和阿片类药物使用史。

结果发现,丁丙诺啡轮换的理由包括镇痛不充分、不良反应无法耐受、阿片类药物治疗方案有风险(比如,高剂量和/或镇静剂的联合处方)和阿片类药物的异常使用。大多数方案的改变是因为阿片类药物使用障碍患者的开始治疗的方案,并使用口腔或舌下丁丙诺啡。

极低质量的证据表明,丁丙诺啡轮换与镇痛的维持或改善有关,诱发阿片类药物戒断的风险很低。稳定剂量的丁丙诺啡比递减剂量的丁丙诺啡耐受性更好。

同时,不良反应是可控的,严重不良事件很少见。只有2项研究评估了心理健康结果,但没有1项研究评估了医疗保健的使用。大多数研究的局限性包括高偏倚风险。

总之,这些发现虽然是从低质量到极低质量的研究中综合得出的,但表明丁丙诺啡轮换是减轻 LTOT 危害的可行策略。未来的研究需要解决丁丙诺啡的最佳起始剂量、配方和给药频率以及丁丙诺啡轮换的最佳方法。

原始出处

Victoria D. Powell, MD1,2Jack M. Rosenberg, MD3,4,5,6Avani Yaganti, BS7et al.Evaluation of Buprenorphine Rotation in Patients Receiving Long-term Opioids for Chronic Pain A Systematic Review. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(9):e2124152. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.24152

 

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    2021-09-14 ms6000001173689674

    收益良多

    0

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    2021-09-11 lhlxtx
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    2021-09-09 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

    0

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    2021-09-09 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

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