国务院:医保基金收支平衡压力不断增大,更多高值耗材将纳入集采

2021-04-04 林怡龄 亿欧

近日,国家医保局局长胡静林在《学习时报》发布文章《推动医疗保障高质量发展》。其在总结了“十三五”时期医疗保障改革发展取得的成效后,表示要破难点、找支点,以医保“小切

近日,国家医保局局长胡静林在《学习时报》发布文章《推动医疗保障高质量发展》。其在总结了“十三五”时期医疗保障改革发展取得的成效后,表示要破难点、找支点,以医保“小切口大改革”引领医改走向深入。

文章指出,目前,中国已建立起世界上规模最大的基本医疗保障网,基本医疗保险覆盖超过13.6亿人,参保率稳定在95%以上,贫困人口参保率稳定在99.9%以上。而随着国家医保目录谈判的进行,文章指出233个谈判准入药品价格平均降幅超50%,很多“贵族药”开出“平民价”。仅2018年和2019年谈判准入的114种药品,2020年1—11月就为患者减负721.9亿元。3年来共新纳入433种药品,目录内药品达2800种。

不过,医保制度在破解“看病难”“看病贵”问题上取得突破性进展后,文章也提到了当前所面临的形势:“国际形势波谲云诡,国际经济复苏不稳定不均衡,国内经济转入中高速增长,叠加疫情影响,依靠财政增加投入、企业和居民增加缴费提高医保收入的空间日渐缩小。同时,不断增加的慢性病患病人数、不断加深的老龄化程度、不断进步的医药技术等都在刺激医疗消费增长。不规范的医药服务,各类医疗机构欺诈骗保,不规范使用医保基金行为,药品耗材价格水分大,过度诊疗情况还普遍存在。”

该文章坦言,中国医保基金收支平衡压力正不断增大,要求必须推动医保高质量发展,发挥好医保战略性购买的作用。而在如何破难点、找支点,以医保“小切口大改革”引领医改走向深入问题上,文章指出:

一是集中带量采购逐步常态化,有效挤压药耗水分、减轻群众负担、净化行业生态、规范医疗行为。

据介绍,三批国家组织药品集采共覆盖112个品种,平均降价54%,每年节约费用539亿元。首次国家组织高值医用耗材集采,中选冠脉支架价格降幅90%以上,预计每年节约医疗费用117亿元。同时治理高值医用耗材改革,取消医用耗材加成。

二是持续巩固基金监管高压态势。

2018年以来共查处违法违规定点医药机构73万家,追回医保资金348.7亿元。

三是持续深化支付方式改革,有序推进疾病诊断相关分组(DRG)付费国家试点、区域点数法总额预算和按病种分值(DIP)付费试点,推进紧密型县域医共体支付方式改革,引导医疗机构主动规范诊疗行为,初步形成总额预算基础上的多元复合支付方式。

作为三医联动中的主导,业内人士表示医保的发展方向会直接影响行业整体发展方向。在上述文章中,胡静林指出,要推动医保高质量发展,这是从粗放扩张型发展转为质量效益型发展的过程。而医保的高质量发展,基本内涵可概括为“五个更”:

一是更加公平,强调促进共同富裕,让全体人民共享发展成果;

二是更有效率,强调提高基金使用效益,重视投入产出比;

三是更可持续,强调持续稳定保障群众基本健康权益,制度和基金中长期能够维持自身平衡等;

四是更加安全,强调社会保障的基本制度定位,维护最广大人民群众的根本利益,协同推进医保与医疗发展,确保基金安全运行、待遇及时给付等;

五是更为便捷,强调减少群众业务办理等待时间和成本。

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