Eur Radiol:非绞窄性粘连性小肠梗阻行保守治疗的预后如何?

2021-03-09 shaosai MedSci原创

粘连性小肠梗阻(SBO)是一个常见的临床问题,占所有SBO病例的75%,剖腹手术的2.4%。粘连性SBO的治疗取决于是否有肠绞窄的临床或影像学表现。目前,对于没有

    粘连性小肠梗阻(SBO)是一个常见的临床问题,占所有SBO病例的75%,剖腹手术的2.4%。粘连性SBO的治疗取决于是否有肠绞窄的临床或影像学表现。目前,对于没有绞窄证据的肠粘连患者,首选选择保守治疗。约70%的粘连性SBO病例可以通过保守治疗治愈,保守治疗效果不佳的患者患者将进行手术治疗,此时手术时机的延迟将增加广泛肠切除术的风险并延长了住院时间。因此,尽快确定保守治疗无效的患者十分重要。


   现阶段,已有部分关于CT表现预测粘连性SBO保守治疗失败的研究表明,但能够预测保守治疗失败的影像学征象还没有达成足够的共识。近日,发表在European Radiology杂志的一项研究通过观察粘连性SBO患者CT平扫和增强图像,明确了可预测非绞窄性粘连性小肠梗阻(SBO)保守治疗预后的CT表现,为临床早期确定保守治疗无效的患者提供了影像学的支持。

    本研究回顾型纳入例189例行初次保守治疗的粘连性SBO患者,每位患者均行腹盆部CT平扫和增强扫描。CT表现包括移形带、鸟嘴征、最大肠径、肠径比、增强肠壁密度减低、未强化肠壁衰减增高、前壁粘连、肠壁增厚、闭袢形成、小肠粪征、漩涡征、肠系膜脂肪密度增高、肠系膜及腹膜积液、粘膜下水肿。根据治疗的成功或失败,对这些结果进行统计学比较。

    保守治疗成功144例(76.2%),失败45例(23.8%)。在多因素分析中,无小肠粪征、局灶性或弥漫性肠系膜脂肪密度增高和中等量的肠系膜积液是保守治疗失败的独立预测因素,优势比分别为5.23、5.5、13.55和4.89。同时出现所有有意义的征象显示出97.2%的高特异性,阳性似然比为8.8。如果CT扫描没有发现上述三个重要征象,阴性预测值为97.6%,阴性似然比为0.08。

表 CT表现对保守治疗结果的预测。

    无小肠粪征、局灶性或弥漫性肠系膜脂肪密度增高和中等量的肠系膜积液是预测非绞窄性粘连性SBO患者保守治疗失败的独立CT表现。这提示临床当出现所有以上CT表现则提示需要进行手术治疗,当CT检查中缺乏两种或全部以上CT表现时,则提示保守治疗。


原始出处:

Jieun Kim,Yedaun Lee,Jung-Hee Yoon,et al. Non-strangulated adhesive small bowel obstruction: CT findings predicting outcome of conservative treatment.DOI:10.1007/s00330-020-07406-3

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    2021-06-29 小小王要好好学习

    学习了

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    2021-03-23 陈相如

    学习了

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    2021-03-09 桂林阿罗

    学习了

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