Lancet Respir Med:同时接种流感疫苗是否影响NVX-CoV2373疫苗的安全性与免疫原性?

2021-11-25 小文子 MedSci原创

同时接种两种疫苗的18岁至65岁人群的疫苗效力似乎保持不变。

同时接种新冠疫苗与季节性流感疫苗的安全性和免疫原性尚未有报道。Lancet Respir Med杂志报告了英国新冠肺炎随机对照3期临床试验的研究结果,评价NVX-CoV2373与季节性流感疫苗合用时的安全性、免疫原性和有效性。

连续、非随机纳入主研究中四家医院符合标准且无接种流感疫苗禁忌症的参与者,随机分配(1:1)接种两次NVX-CoV2373(5μg)疫苗或安慰剂(生理盐水),间隔21天;亚组研究参与者同时接种一剂(0.5 mL)流感疫苗。接种疫苗后7天通过电子日志监测非预估性不良事件、医疗不良事件和严重不良事件。评估亚组研究的免疫原性、安全性和有效性。

2020年9月28日至2020年11月28日期间,共15187例受试者随机分配至主研究的3期试验,共15139例接种(7569例接种一剂NVX-CoV2373,7570例接种一剂安慰剂)。其中,431例同时接种季节性流感疫苗(217例接种NVXCoV2373和流感疫苗,214例接种安慰剂和流感疫苗)。

结果显示,与主研究相比,亚组研究参与者更年轻,种族多样,合并症更少。联合接种组的不良事件比NVX-CoV2373单独接种组更常见:注射部位压痛(113/174[64.9%] vs 592/1111 [53.3%]; 注射部位疼痛(69[39∙7%] vs 325[29.3%]); 疲劳(48[27.7%] vs 215[19.4%]),肌肉痛(49[28.3%] vs 237[21.4%])。

联合接种组和NVX-CoV2373单独接种组之间的非预估性不良事件、医疗不良事件和严重不良事件的发生率较低且相近。未报告过敏反应或死亡事件。尽管发现对NVX-CoV2373疫苗的抗体应答降低,但同时接种没有改变流感疫苗的免疫应答NVX-CoV2373疫苗的有效性在亚组研究(参与者年龄18岁~<65岁以下)中为87.5%(95%CI, -0.2~98.4) ,在主研究中是89.8%(95%CI, 79.7~95.5)。

研究表明,同时接种流感疫苗与NVX-CoV2373无早期安全问题。尽管NVX-CoV2373疫苗的免疫原性略降低,但同时接种的流感疫苗免疫原性得以保持。与单独接种NVX-CoV2373疫苗的人群相比,接种两种疫苗的18岁至65岁人群的疫苗效力似乎保持不变。

原文出处:

Seth Toback, Eva Galiza, Catherine Cosgrove, et al, Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of a COVID-19 vaccine (NVX-CoV2373) co-administered with seasonal influenza vaccines: an exploratory substudy of a randomised, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Respir Med 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00438-0.

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