Bone Research :骨密度和非骨表型之间多效性的全基因组相关性研究

2020-07-29 佚名 免疫细胞研究bioworld

骨质疏松症是全球最常见的代谢性骨病,可引起低创伤性骨折,从而导致较高的发病率和死亡率。特别是在高收入国家,骨质疏松性骨折导致老年人的健康寿命大大减少。

骨质疏松症是全球最常见的代谢性骨疾病,其特征是骨骼脆性和微结构性退化。 当单个遗传元件与一个以上的表型相关时,就会发生遗传多效性。 本文的目的是在全基因组关联研究(GWAS)中确定与骨矿物质密度(BMD)和非骨表型相关的多效性基因组位置。首先,作者在NHGRI-EBI中查找全基因组范围内的显着关联(P值<5×10-8),但不包括骨相关表型。 SNiPA用于鉴定明显相关的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)(r2 = 1)。然后评估了这组SNP的推定遗传关联根据来自GEFOS课题中的的股骨颈(FN)和腰椎(LS)BMD数据。最后鉴定了72种BMD相关的多效性SNP,并在UK Biobank中重复出了位于8个染色体上11个基因座的12个SNP。 除BMD外,这些SNP还与14种不同的表型相关。 rs479844(AP5B1,OVOL1基因)与皮肤病和过敏性疾病有关,而rs4072037(MUC1基因)与镁水平和肠胃病有关。 总之,12个与BMD相关的全基因组显着SNPs具有非骨表型的多效性。

骨质疏松症是全球最常见的代谢性骨病,可引起低创伤性骨折,从而导致较高的发病率和死亡率。特别是在高收入国家,骨质疏松性骨折导致老年人的健康寿命大大减少。 骨质疏松症的特征是由于骨形成和吸收之间的不平衡而导致骨质受损和/或骨质减少。 目前,骨质疏松症的非侵入性诊断在很大程度上依赖于双能X线骨密度仪(DXA)对骨矿物质密度(BMD)的测量,这是骨质疏松性骨折使用最广泛的预测指标。遗传因素在骨质疏松症的发病机理中起着重要作用,这反映在骨强度许多成分的高遗传效果。 在过去的十年中,已经鉴定出500多个基因组位置,各种遗传学研究为揭示骨质疏松症的新遗传学联系做出了重大突破。尽管在该领域取得了令人瞩目的进步,但仍存在很多与骨质疏松症相关的遗传学因子有待研究和发现。 这部分是由于与疾病本身有关的参数,例如表型变异性(表型,即“疾病内部的疾病”)。

当遗传变异体(例如单核苷酸多态性(SNP))与两个或多个不同表型(疾病或定量性状)独立相关时,就会发生遗传多效性。对流行病学证据的系统评估表明,具有多效性的遗传标记物显着存在。NHGRI-EBI醒目中报告的每个基因的相关表型数量范围为1至53,其中44%的基因与一种以上表型相关。已使用多种方法研究不同表型的潜在共享遗传基础,并且多种疾病的多效性证据已经得到证实,例如帕金森氏病和自身免疫性疾病或体重指数和冠状动脉疾病。

揭示与复杂表型相关的多效性基因座过程中的重要第一步是使用统计上严格的全基因组关联研究(GWAS)框架检查已经与一种或多种不同表型独立相关的SNP。 这种方法可以揭示这些多态性起作用的可能的通用途径,从而为预防,诊断,治疗和预后领域做出贡献,或确定没有病理生理学背景的简单相关性。 本研究的目的是鉴定与BMD相关的多效性遗传变异,并更好地描述BMD与独特的非骨表型之间的共享遗传决定因素,这将为进一步了解BMD与这些表型之间的潜在关系奠定基础。

非骨相关基因位点的选择和骨多效性发现阶段

截至2017年12月14日,NHGRI-EBI目录共包括63624个SNP表型关联,作者选择了其中的17543个SNP以及67760个附近相关的SNP进行了分析。样本评估了不同的祖先群体,如最常见的只有欧洲(74.38%),只有日本(3.31%)和只有中国汉族(3.31%)。 研究中的遗传标记的次要等位基因频率也有很大变化,其平均值,标准差,最小值和最大值分别为0.31、0.13、0.04和0.50。表现出最大的多效性关联的SNP是rs3184504,除了BMD之外,它还与22种不同的非骨表型相关,以及另外三个非骨表型相关的SNP rs479844,rs6675401和rs2735343。 72个独立的SNP位于20个不同染色体上的64个基因座中。 其中53个在NHGRI-EBI目录中被索引。

英国生物库中的骨多效应调查

在第二个阶段,作者尝试使用UK biobank进行该72个独立的SNP进行验证。作者确定了位于8个染色体上11个基因座中的12个全基因组显着的多效性SNP。 NHGRI-EBI目录中报告了9个SNP,而3个SNP是非主要SNP。这12个SNP与分类为10个不同组的14个不同表型相关。

作者发现了12种多效性BMD变体,以及与不同非骨表型可能的常见遗传关系。 这种多效性方法可用于鉴定多形性遗传变异和看似无关的表型之间共享的生物学途径。 需要通过使用其他生物学数据来验证这些信号。 这不仅将加深对遗传结构和复杂人类表型缺失的遗传因素的理解,而且还将对预防,诊断,治疗和预后领域产生重要的临床意义。

原始出处:

Maria A Christou, Georgios Ntritsos, Georgios Markozannes , et al.A genome-wide scan for pleiotropy between bone mineral density and nonbone phenotypes.Bone Res. 2020 Jul 1;8:26. doi: 10.1038/s41413-020-0101-8. eCollection 2020.

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    2021-04-07 apoenzyme
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    2020-07-31 tastas
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    2020-07-31 yangshch
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    2020-07-29 finever

    受教了!

    0

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    2020-07-29 三行

    💪

    0

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