Nature:衰老纤维细胞的异质性与伤口愈合的变异性有关

2019-10-26 海北 MedSci原创

与年龄相关的慢性炎症是衰老的主要特征,但其对特定细胞的影响仍然未知。

与年龄相关的慢性炎症是衰老的主要特征,但其对特定细胞的影响仍然未知。

成纤维细胞存在于大多数组织中,有助于伤口愈合。它们也普遍被用于重编程实验,是诱导多能干(iPS)细胞的最广泛使用的细胞来源,这一过程对再生医学和抗衰老策略具有影响。

最近,研究人员发现,成年小鼠的成纤维细胞培养物会分泌炎性细胞因子,并且,在不同小鼠之间,iPS细胞重编程效率显示出增加的可变性。个体之间的变异性正在逐渐成为老年的特征,但是其潜在机制仍然未知。

为了确定这种可变性的驱动因素,研究人员对具有不同重编程效率的年轻和老年小鼠的成纤维细胞培养物进行了多组学分析。

分析结果表明,来自老年小鼠的成纤维细胞培养物中含有分泌炎症细胞因子的“活化成纤维细胞”,并且在体外培养过程中,活化成纤维细胞的比例与重编程效率相关。

在不同培养体系之间交换条件培养基的实验表明,活化成纤维细胞分泌的外在因素是小鼠之间重编程效率差异的部分原因,并且研究人员发现,包括TNF在内的炎症细胞因子是关键因素。

值得注意的是,老年小鼠体内的伤口愈合速度也表现出差异。单细胞RNA测序分析鉴定了老年小鼠伤口中成纤维细胞的不同亚群,它们具有不同的细胞因子表达和信号传导,并且相应具有慢速愈合速度和快速愈合速度。

因此,成纤维细胞组成的变化以及它们分泌的炎性细胞因子的比例可能会驱动小鼠在体外重编程时的变异性,并影响体内伤口的愈合速度。这种变异性可能反映了个体之间不同的随机衰老轨迹,并且可以帮助开发个性化策略以改善老年个体的iPS细胞生成和伤口愈合。


原始出处:

Salah Mahmoudi et al. Heterogeneity in old fibroblasts is linked to variability in reprogramming and wound healingNature, 2019; DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1658-5


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