PNAS:耶鲁大学研究揭秘!控制暴饮暴食导致炎症的开关找到了!

2020-07-03 转化医学网 转化医学网

最近,《美国国家科学院院刊》杂志上的一项新研究表明,一种分子在人体对暴饮暴食的炎症反应中起关键作用。

耶鲁大学的研究人员发现了一种分子,它在人体对暴饮暴食的炎症反应中起关键作用。暴饮暴食会导致肥胖、糖尿病和其他代谢疾病。这一研究表明,这种分子可能是控制这一炎症和控制代谢疾病的一个很有前途的治疗靶点。

  这项研究在6月29日发表《美国国家科学院院刊》(PNAS)上,题为“OGT suppresses S6K1-mediated macrophage inflammation and metabolic disturbance”。

  该论文的第一作者、耶鲁大学医学院的杨晓勇(Xiaoyong Yang)表示,当一个人吃的过多时,身体会将多余的卡路里以脂肪的形式存储在脂肪组织中,即我们通常所说的体脂。随着卡路里摄入的持续增加,脂肪组织会出现炎症,脂肪酸会释放到其他组织,包括肝脏和肌肉。
  研究人员了解到暴饮暴食会导致炎症和代谢性疾病,但直到现在,他们还不知道例如巨噬细胞的身体免疫细胞是如何促进这一过程的。巨噬细胞会对过量的卡路里消耗作出反应。
  巨噬细胞有三个作用:1·分泌参与炎症反应的生物活性介质;2·吞噬、杀灭病原菌和异物等;3·摄取并处理抗原,并把抗原信息递呈给淋巴细胞。
  杨和他的团队的这项新研究集中在一个称为O-GIcNAc信号的通道上,当一个人吃的过多时,这一通道就会激活,指示细胞来限制炎症反应。
  当身体的免疫系统对损伤或威胁作出反应时,炎症反应就会发生,包括血流增加、毛细血管扩张和白细胞的流入。
  比较医学(comparative medicine)}和细胞和分子生理学(cellular & molecular physiology)的副教授杨表示,“身体是很聪明的,当脂肪在人体内堆积时,它试图防止炎症。我们找到了一种关键的途径,能够抑制由营养过剩引起的炎症。”
  特别是,研究人员发现OGT(O-GIcNAc 转移酶),一种激活GIcNAc信号的酶,通过开启或关闭巨噬细胞中的一种特定信号通路,负责激活身体的促炎反应。
  杨表示,“巨噬细胞可以是好人,也可以是坏人。它在营养过剩时会变成一个坏人,分泌大量的炎症因子。在其他情况下,它又是好人,有抗炎作用。我们发现,OGT试图阻止巨噬细胞变成一个坏人,阻止促炎反应。”
  他们的研究表明,OGT可能成为抑制炎症和改善健康的新疗法的一个靶点。
  杨表示,该研究也阐明了医生推荐用来治疗关节炎和关节炎症的谷氨酰胺、氨基葡萄糖的作用。然而,尽管研究人员了解了这两种补充剂会促进O-GIcNAc信号传导,并减少炎症。他们仍不知道这一过程是如何起作用的。
  参考:

【1】https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-06-on-off-inflammation-overeating.html

【2】https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2020/06/24/1916121117

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    2021-04-26 81252974

    很有用

    0

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    2020-11-11 drwjr
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    2020-07-04 1209e435m98(暂无昵称)

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

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