Lancet:牛津大型研究:正常人群即使没有高血压也能从降压治疗中获益!

2021-05-04 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

无论以前是否诊断过心血管疾病,甚至在正常或正常高血压值的情况下,收缩压降低5mmHg,主要心血管事件的风险就会降低约10%。

高血压一直是最受关注的血管疾病之一。几十年来,随着心血管领域研究的深入,人们对血压的认识也在不断发生改变。人民普遍认为收缩压(上压)是影响心脑血管病的主要原因。尤其是Framingham心脏研究结果的公布,更是让许多研究及心血管指南都十分关注“上压”。

然而,究竟是收缩压还是舒张压导致心血管风险?这个争论一直都有。为此,去年发表在《新英格兰医学杂志》(NEJM)杂志上的一项重磅研究则为舒张压进行了“正名”。研究对超过100万人、3600万次的血压测量数据显示,“上压”、“下压”都是心梗或中风发作风险的独立预测因素。

为避免潜在危害,2018年欧洲心脏病学会(ESC)高血压指南建议所有风险水平患者的最佳舒张压目标为70至80 mmHg。那么,人们不禁想问,对于既往无心脏病或中风、血压低于高血压阈值(通常是140/90 mmHg)的人群,是否能从降压治疗中获益呢?

为此,来自英国牛津大学的Kazem Rahimi教授领衔开展来了BPLTTC研究。该研究是降压治疗领域最具权威性的荟萃分析,有望改变高血压国际指南。BPLTTC荟萃分析结果在2020 ESC大会上进行了首次数据公布,最近,相关数据发表在《柳叶刀》Lancet杂志上。

本次分析纳入了48个国际性、大规模RCT研究,共包涵348854人。研究人员全面评估了降压治疗收缩压(SBP)每降低5 mmHg对于心血管事件的影响。入选人群被分为已患心血管疾病(CVD)组和无CVD组,同时根据每组的入组者初始血压水平再将其细分为7个亚组,收缩压水平≤120、120-129、130-139、140-149、150-159、160-169、170及≥170 mmHg组。

研究的主要结果是重大心血管事件(CVDs,指的是致命和非致命中风、致命或非致命心肌梗死或缺血性心脏病、或导致死亡或需要入院治疗的心力衰竭的综合情况),按照意向治疗进行分析。

收缩压每降低5 mmHg,既往有心血管疾病史和无病史的人群重大CVD发生风险变化

结果显示,既往有CVD的参与者平均收缩压/舒张压为146/84mmHg(n=157728),19.8%的人收缩压<130mmHg;而无CVD的参与者为157/89mmHg(n=186988),8.0%的人收缩压<130mmHg。

降压治疗的相对效果与收缩压的降低幅度成正比。经过中位数4.15年的随访后,42324名参与者(12.3%)至少有一次重大CVD。在基线时没有CVD的参与者中,对照组重大CVD的发生率为31.9/1000人-年,而干预组发生率则为31.9/1000人-年。且收缩压每降低5 mmHg,重大CVD风险就降低9%。

降压后重大CVD发生风险的降低幅度与收缩压降低幅度成正比

在基线上有过CVD的参与者中,对照组和干预组的相应比率分别为39.7/1000人-年和36.0/1000人-年。收缩压降低5mmHg,重大CVD的风险降低11%。进一步在分层分析中,没有可靠的证据表明既往CVD病史和收缩压情况对降压治疗影响有差异。

该研究结果显示,无论以前是否诊断过心血管疾病,甚至在正常或正常高血压值的情况下,收缩压降低5mmHg,主要心血管事件的风险就会降低约10%。由此可见,降压对主要心血管疾病的一级和二级预防同样有效,甚至在目前不考虑治疗的血压水平上也是如此。

 

参考文献:

Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists' Collaboration. Pharmacological blood pressure lowering for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease across different levels of blood pressure: an individual participant-level data meta-analysis. Lancet. 2021 May 1;397(10285):1625-1636. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00590-0.

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1831146, encodeId=0f8418311468f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Wed May 12 14:11:14 CST 2021, time=2021-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1292109, encodeId=10d912921093d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d32981418b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#降压#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=98141, encryptionId=9d32981418b, topicName=降压)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8f14236, createdName=经常头晕, createdTime=Thu May 06 10:11:14 CST 2021, time=2021-05-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1360906, encodeId=01e513609060c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=87fe98146d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#降压治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=98146, encryptionId=87fe98146d7, topicName=降压治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=xugumin, createdTime=Thu May 06 10:11:14 CST 2021, time=2021-05-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=962721, encodeId=8b4e962e2100, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1c1710265113' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高血压#</a>这是个难题,如果降低高血压的标准,会导致中国多出2-3亿高血压患者,医疗费用势必大大增加。但是,如果按目前的标准,后期的各类并发症多见,医疗成本也提高了。因此,对于血压控制,是否要有更严格的标准?或更早干预?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102651, encryptionId=1c1710265113, topicName=高血压)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=小小医者, createdTime=Tue May 04 23:30:14 CST 2021, time=2021-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1034295, encodeId=a6c51034295e2, content=顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=goodbing, createdTime=Tue May 04 22:11:14 CST 2021, time=2021-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=962691, encodeId=e12c9626919f, content=与我多年以来观点不谋而合,谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=46905128057, createdName=zy&kt, createdTime=Tue May 04 20:52:01 CST 2021, time=2021-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-05-12 howi
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  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1831146, encodeId=0f8418311468f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Wed May 12 14:11:14 CST 2021, time=2021-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1292109, encodeId=10d912921093d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d32981418b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#降压#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=98141, encryptionId=9d32981418b, topicName=降压)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8f14236, createdName=经常头晕, createdTime=Thu May 06 10:11:14 CST 2021, time=2021-05-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1360906, encodeId=01e513609060c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=87fe98146d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#降压治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=98146, encryptionId=87fe98146d7, topicName=降压治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=xugumin, createdTime=Thu May 06 10:11:14 CST 2021, time=2021-05-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=962721, encodeId=8b4e962e2100, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1c1710265113' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高血压#</a>这是个难题,如果降低高血压的标准,会导致中国多出2-3亿高血压患者,医疗费用势必大大增加。但是,如果按目前的标准,后期的各类并发症多见,医疗成本也提高了。因此,对于血压控制,是否要有更严格的标准?或更早干预?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102651, encryptionId=1c1710265113, topicName=高血压)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=小小医者, createdTime=Tue May 04 23:30:14 CST 2021, time=2021-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1034295, encodeId=a6c51034295e2, content=顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=goodbing, createdTime=Tue May 04 22:11:14 CST 2021, time=2021-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=962691, encodeId=e12c9626919f, content=与我多年以来观点不谋而合,谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=46905128057, createdName=zy&kt, createdTime=Tue May 04 20:52:01 CST 2021, time=2021-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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    2021-05-04 小小医者

    #高血压#这是个难题,如果降低高血压的标准,会导致中国多出2-3亿高血压患者,医疗费用势必大大增加。但是,如果按目前的标准,后期的各类并发症多见,医疗成本也提高了。因此,对于血压控制,是否要有更严格的标准?或更早干预?

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1831146, encodeId=0f8418311468f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Wed May 12 14:11:14 CST 2021, time=2021-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1292109, encodeId=10d912921093d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d32981418b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#降压#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=98141, encryptionId=9d32981418b, topicName=降压)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8f14236, createdName=经常头晕, createdTime=Thu May 06 10:11:14 CST 2021, time=2021-05-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1360906, encodeId=01e513609060c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=87fe98146d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#降压治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=98146, encryptionId=87fe98146d7, topicName=降压治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=xugumin, createdTime=Thu May 06 10:11:14 CST 2021, time=2021-05-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=962721, encodeId=8b4e962e2100, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1c1710265113' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高血压#</a>这是个难题,如果降低高血压的标准,会导致中国多出2-3亿高血压患者,医疗费用势必大大增加。但是,如果按目前的标准,后期的各类并发症多见,医疗成本也提高了。因此,对于血压控制,是否要有更严格的标准?或更早干预?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102651, encryptionId=1c1710265113, topicName=高血压)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=小小医者, createdTime=Tue May 04 23:30:14 CST 2021, time=2021-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1034295, encodeId=a6c51034295e2, content=顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=goodbing, createdTime=Tue May 04 22:11:14 CST 2021, time=2021-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=962691, encodeId=e12c9626919f, content=与我多年以来观点不谋而合,谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=46905128057, createdName=zy&kt, createdTime=Tue May 04 20:52:01 CST 2021, time=2021-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-05-04 goodbing

    顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1831146, encodeId=0f8418311468f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Wed May 12 14:11:14 CST 2021, time=2021-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1292109, encodeId=10d912921093d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d32981418b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#降压#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=98141, encryptionId=9d32981418b, topicName=降压)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8f14236, createdName=经常头晕, createdTime=Thu May 06 10:11:14 CST 2021, time=2021-05-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1360906, encodeId=01e513609060c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=87fe98146d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#降压治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=98146, encryptionId=87fe98146d7, topicName=降压治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=xugumin, createdTime=Thu May 06 10:11:14 CST 2021, time=2021-05-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=962721, encodeId=8b4e962e2100, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1c1710265113' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高血压#</a>这是个难题,如果降低高血压的标准,会导致中国多出2-3亿高血压患者,医疗费用势必大大增加。但是,如果按目前的标准,后期的各类并发症多见,医疗成本也提高了。因此,对于血压控制,是否要有更严格的标准?或更早干预?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102651, encryptionId=1c1710265113, topicName=高血压)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=小小医者, createdTime=Tue May 04 23:30:14 CST 2021, time=2021-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1034295, encodeId=a6c51034295e2, content=顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=goodbing, createdTime=Tue May 04 22:11:14 CST 2021, time=2021-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=962691, encodeId=e12c9626919f, content=与我多年以来观点不谋而合,谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=46905128057, createdName=zy&kt, createdTime=Tue May 04 20:52:01 CST 2021, time=2021-05-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-05-04 zy&kt

    与我多年以来观点不谋而合,谢谢分享!

    0

拓展阅读

BMC Public Health:苏丹北部成年人打鼾与高血压和糖尿病相关

苏丹北部大约四分之一的成年人打鼾。打鼾在肥胖的成年人中更为常见,同时打鼾与高血压和2型糖尿病的发病率增加有关。

Circ Res 孤儿G蛋白偶联受体GPRC5C通过促进Ang II与AT1R的结合调节VSMC的收缩功能

该研究揭示了GPRC5C调节VSMCs收缩的作用机制,为高血压的治疗提供了新的靶点。

KARDIA-2 Ⅱ期研究公布主要结果:Zilebesiran联合其他口服药物,降压效果更佳! | ACC.24研究速递

KARDIA-2研究是一项Ⅱ期、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照研究,旨在评估Zilebesiran作为追加治疗(Add-on治疗)用于未控制高血压患者的疗效及安全性。

Hypertension:血浆甘氨酸和支链氨基酸之间的相互作用与高血压和冠心病有关

总支链氨基酸/甘氨酸比率是高血压和CHD代谢特征的关键因素,可能反映了甘氨酸和tBCAAs共享了生物学途径。

Hypertension:肾去神经支配术对高血压患者尿肽生物标志物的影响

根据2023年欧洲高血压指南,基于导管的肾去神经支配(RDN)被认为是未控制的高血压患者额外的治疗选择。RDN对与冠状动脉疾病相关的尿肽具有有益的作用。