J Thorac Oncol:亚洲NSCLC患者EGFR基因突变达到50% (PIONEER研究)

2014-03-23 MedSci MedSci原创

目前已知亚洲非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者表皮生长因子(EGFR)基因突变率较西方患者高,首个前瞻性研究提示这一突变率比先前认为的更高。(J Urol .2014;9:154-162)发表于 << 胸部肿瘤杂志>>二月刊的PIONEER 研究 ,纳入了来自亚洲 7个国家和地区1482 名患者,发现 EGFR 总体突变率为51.4%。先前估计认为亚洲患者突变率为 30%,白种

目前已知亚洲非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者表皮生长因子(EGFR)基因突变率较西方患者高,首个前瞻性研究提示这一突变率比先前认为的更高。(JTO .2014;9(2):154-162)

发表于 << 胸部肿瘤杂志>>(J Thorac Oncol)PIONEER 研究 ,纳入了来自亚洲 7个国家和地区1482 名患者,发现 EGFR 总体突变率为51.4%。先前估计认为亚洲患者突变率为 30%,白种人约为 20%。

研究发现约半数亚洲 NSCLC患者存在 EGFR 突变,即将接受针对 EGFR 靶点的靶向药物如厄洛替尼(特罗凯)、吉非替尼(易瑞沙)及类似药物治疗的候选患者中亦是如此,这一研究由吉非替尼生产商-阿斯利康公司资助。

研究者称,目前一些临床实践指南推荐在晚期 NSCLC 患者开始一线治疗前进行 EGFR 突变检测,几项III 期试验已经证明在存在此突变的患者中,靶向治疗的临床疗效较一线化疗更好。

首次流行病学研究

PIONEER 是首个关于 EGFR突变率流行病学的研究,研究范围覆盖亚洲多个国家和地区,由北京中国医学科学院石元凯博士及其同事主持进行。这一研究成为国际肺癌研究协会新闻发布会上的一大亮点。

香港中文大学临床药理学院教授、医学博士 Tony Mok 应邀作评论时说他对这项研究非常熟悉并告诉 Medscape Medical News:“ 我们必须慎重对待这些数据。”

他称新近报道的高突变率“能否反映真正的总人群突变率”,只有当所有病人的肿瘤样本都检测时样本量才够大,但很多病人没有样本用以检测。

高发生率

Summary of individual mutation types
Number (%) of pts
Number of patients with EGFR mutation test success 741 (100.0)
Exon 18
G719X 4 (0.5)
Exon 19
Deletion 182 (24.6)
Exon 20
T790M 3 (0.4)
S768I 8 (1.1)
Insertion 15 (2.0)
Exon 21
L858R 169 (22.8)
L861Q 6 (0.8)

肿瘤样本来自先前经组织学或病理学确诊而未作治疗的 IIIb/IV 期非小细胞肺腺癌患者,调查范围囊括中国大陆、香港、印度、菲律宾、台湾及越南的 51 个地区。

按种族特异性分,大部分患者为中国人(73.8%),其余为越南京族(8.2%),泰国人(8.0%),菲律宾人(4.3%),日本人(0.1%),混合人种或其他(0.2%)。

约半数病人(52.6%)从不吸烟,43.3% 为女性。石博士及其同事阐述说:印度患者EGFR 突变率(22%)明显低于亚洲其他国家,与白种人(约20%)更具可比性。他们还注明说先前的研究已经报道EGFR 突变率在日本患者为30%,在韩国为 36%。

亚洲女性的 EGFR 突变率最高(61.1%),从不吸烟者占 60.7%,研究者称,这也是前几次研究结论一致认同的。

然而,他们指出,亚洲男性突变率也很高(44%),重度吸烟者(30%),这远高于先前报道的欧洲患者的突变率(男性 8.2%,重度吸烟者 5.8%)。

另外,研究者指出,内科医生不应根据临床特征减少某一部分患者的 EGFR 突变检测率。研究者推断,PIONEER 研究“使整个亚洲晚期期 NSCLC的治疗更具临床意义”。这项研究显示大样本试验是可行的,规范化并带来较高的分析成功率。

研 究者总结道,据观察到的亚洲患者 EGFR 突变率提示,在亚洲,所有 III 期 /IV 期腺癌病人都应考虑行 EGFR 突变检测。这一研究由吉非替尼制药商-阿斯利康公司资助。石博士表示他们没有经济上的关联。两个合著者称只接受来自阿斯利康公司的演讲或咨询费用,他们都 是公司雇员。

Mok 称其是阿斯利康制药、乐骋制药、百济神州、勃林格殷格翰集团制药、百时美施、礼来公司、葛兰素史克公司、默克雪兰诺公司、辉瑞、罗氏、大宝漆制药有限公司多家医药公司的顾问。

原始出处:

Shi Y1, Au JS, Thongprasert S, Srinivasan S, Tsai CM, Khoa MT, Heeroma K, Itoh Y, Cornelio G, Yang PC.A prospective, molecular epidemiology study of EGFR mutations in Asian patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer of adenocarcinoma histology (PIONEER). J Thorac Oncol. 2014 Feb;9(2):154-62. doi: 10.1097/JTO.0000000000000033.

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    2014-05-31 yyj062
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    2015-02-28 jklm09
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    2014-03-25 liuyiping
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    2014-03-23 61.132.226.58

    特高了点了吧,用什么方法?ARMS还是测序

    0

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