Lancet:利福平辅助治疗是否对金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症患者有益?

2018-03-13 王淳 环球医学

2017年12月,发表在《Lancet》上的一项多中心、随机、双盲、安慰剂-对照试验,考察了利福平辅助治疗对金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症患者的治疗效果。

2017年12月,发表在《Lancet》上的一项多中心、随机、双盲、安慰剂-对照试验,考察了利福平辅助治疗对金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症患者的治疗效果。

背景:金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症是全世界社区获得性和医院获得性严重感染的一个常见原因。研究人员验证了一项假设,即利福平辅助治疗能通过更早杀死金黄色葡萄球菌,更快消毒感染灶和血液,并降低传播风险以减少细菌学证实的治疗失败、疾病复发或死亡。

方法:在这项多中心、随机、双盲、安慰剂-对照试验中,从29家UK医院招募了已接受了≤96 h积极抗生素治疗的金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症成年患者(≥18岁)。通过一个计算生成的序贯随机列表,患者被随机分配(1:1)至接受2周的利福平辅助治疗(根据体重每日600 mg或900 mg,口服或静脉注射) vs 完全相同的安慰剂,联合标准抗感染疗法。随机化根据中心进行分层。各组分配对患者、调查者和患者治疗人员设盲。主要结局是从随机分配至12周时,细菌学证实的治疗失败、疾病复发或死亡(全因)的时间,由一个独立的审查委员会进行判定,其中治疗对其设盲。按意向治疗进行分析。本试验已注册,注册号ISRCTN37666216,并且已停止招募新受试者。

结果:2012年12月10日至2016年10月25日间,758名符合条件的受试者被随机分配:370名被分配至利福平组,388名被分配至安慰剂组。485名(64%)受试者患有社区获得性金黄色葡萄球菌感染,132名(17%)患有医院获得性金黄色葡萄球菌感染。47名(6%)患者耐甲氧西林感染。301名(40%)受试者存在初始深部感染病灶。给予标准抗菌治疗29日(IQR 18~45);619名(82%)受试者接受氟氯西林。12周时,利福平组62名(17%)受试者 vs 安慰剂组71名(18%)受试者经历了治疗失败或疾病复发或死亡(绝对风险差 -1.4%,95%CI, -7.0~4.3;危险比 0.96,0.68~1.35,p=0.81)。从随机分配至12周时,现有证据未观察到严重(p=0.17)或3~4级(p=0.36)不良事件的差异;但是,利福平组63名(17%)受试者 vs 安慰剂组39名(10%)出现抗生素或试验性药物治疗不良事件(p=0.004),24名(6%)vs 6名(2%)出现药物相互作用(p=0.0005)。

结论:同标准抗菌疗法相比,利福平辅助治疗对于金黄色葡萄球菌感染成年患者未提供全面的益处。

基金:英国国家健康研究技术评估研究院。

原始出处:

Thwaites GE, Scarborough M, Szubert A,et al. Adjunctive rifampicin for Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (ARREST): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2017 Dec 14. pii: S0140-6736(17)32456-X. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32456-X.

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    2018-05-17 howi
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    2018-03-14 owlhealth

    不错耶.学习了

    0

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    2018-03-14 yfjms

    学习

    0

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