eLife:新药物阻断儿童抗药性肿瘤生长

2015-09-22 佚名 生物谷

                           近日,来自斯坦福大学医学院Matthew P. Scott教授领导的研究团队在国际学术期刊elife上发表了一项最新研究进展,他们利用小鼠模型检测了一种叫做Roflumilast的药物对一种常见的

 
                          
近日,来自斯坦福大学医学院Matthew P. Scott教授领导的研究团队在国际学术期刊elife上发表了一项最新研究进展,他们利用小鼠模型检测了一种叫做Roflumilast的药物对一种常见的儿童脑部肿瘤--成神经管细胞瘤的治疗作用,Roflumilast目前主要用于炎症性肺部疾病的治疗。

成神经管细胞瘤是一种常见的儿童脑部肿瘤类型,这种类型的癌细胞能够对另外一种癌症治疗药物Vismodegib产生抵抗作用。研究人员指出,找到除Vismodegib之外的新治疗药物十分必要,目前的治疗成神经管细胞瘤的方法都存在非常严重的副作用,虽然有大约三分之二的病人能够治愈,但接受治疗的病人都会受到持续损伤。

在成神经管细胞瘤中癌细胞突变持续发生,因此即使Vismodegib能够选择性杀死药物敏感细胞,那些突变的抗性细胞最终还是会继续增殖,替代药物敏感性细胞。Vismodegib能够靶向Hedgehog信号途径中的一个关键分子,进而抑制细胞分裂。

在这项研究中,研究人员发现了调控Hedgehog信号应答的一个新的重要方式。他们发现一个叫做Semaphorin 3的蛋白能够增强细胞对Hedgehog信号的应答,并且在成神经管细胞瘤中Semaphorin 3表达水平出现显著增加,因此研究人员对阻断Semaphorin 3的作用能否抑制细胞对Hedgehog信号的应答进而抑制细胞分裂进行了研究。

由于Semaphorin 3能够激活一种叫做PDE4D的酶,研究人员就找到了PDE4D的一种抑制剂药物--Roflumilast,他们发现Roflumilast可以抑制由于Hedgehog信号失控造成的肿瘤生长。Roflumilast的作用途径与Vismodegib不同,因此可以用于治疗对Vismodegib产生抵抗的肿瘤。

目前Roflumilast已经用于慢性阻塞性肺部疾病,同时它以及其他PDE4D抑制剂药物还可用于改善认知和心理紊乱。但值得注意的是,这类药物还会带来一些严重的副作用,如抑郁和体重减轻。

这项研究表明,PDE4D抑制剂药物或可与其他药物联用,用于儿童脑部肿瘤的治疗。

原文出处:

Xuecai Ge, Ljiljana Milenkovic,et al.Phosphodiesterase 4D acts downstream of Neuropilin to control Hedgehog signal transduction and the growth of medulloblastoma.elife.2015

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    2016-09-02 膀胱癌
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    2016-08-04 clmlylxy
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    2015-09-24 songbq

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