动物研究显示青春期社交隔离会导致大脑发育异常

2019-09-19 不详 新华社

美国一项新研究发现,雌性小鼠如果在青春期被隔离起来,它们大脑中的前额叶皮质会出现非典型发育,并在成年后产生对一些习惯性行为的过度依赖,这种依赖被认为与上瘾行为和肥胖等相关。

美国一项新研究发现,雌性小鼠如果在青春期被隔离起来,它们大脑中的前额叶皮质会出现非典型发育,并在成年后产生对一些习惯性行为的过度依赖,这种依赖被认为与上瘾行为和肥胖等相关。

大脑中的神经元通过突触形成各种神经网络,突触位于神经细胞表面的树突棘上,是脑部信息传递的结构基础。在大脑发育的头几年,树突棘大量产生,之后经过外界刺激和学习的不断“修剪”,最终形成神经网络。

青春期是大脑发育的关键阶段,此时神经网络通过“修剪”逐步走向精确化,一些连接得到加强,另一些则会被消除。此前有研究证明这一阶段的社交行为对大脑发育有重大影响,树突棘的动态变化如果出现异常可能导致神经系统疾病。

美国神经学学会的研究人员日前在美国《神经科学学报》上发表研究报告说,为了确定青春期社交上的隔离状态对神经行为产生的长期影响,研究人员挑选了一些处于青春期的雌性小鼠,把它们隔离开来喂养,并在成年后让它们重新进入社交环境中。结果发现,青春期的社交隔离状态会对成年后的大脑和行为模式带来损害,这种损害与小鼠大脑前额叶皮质中的树突棘异常增生相关。

研究人员认为,这一发现可能为未来通过在青春期阶段对大脑进行微调干预等治疗相关神经系统疾病提供新的思路。

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    2019-09-21 neurowu
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    2019-09-21 fengyi818

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