半世纪首次!美国人平均预期寿命连续两年下降

2017-12-22 佚名 环球网

受阿片类药物危机的影响,2016年美国人出生时的平均预期寿命连续第二年下降,这是半个多世纪以来的首次。

据新加坡《联合早报》12月20日报道,据美国全国卫生统计中心21日发布的数据显示,受阿片类药物危机的影响,2016年美国人出生时的平均预期寿命连续第二年下降,这是半个多世纪以来的首次。

该中心说,美国人的预期寿命在两年内下降了10个星期;2014年,美国人的预期寿命为78.8年,但2016年仅为78.6岁,比2015年下降0.1年。该数据上一次连续两年下降是在1962至1963年间。

该中心指出,尽管老年人活得更久,但年轻人和中年人的死亡率却上升了。同时,死于药物过量的人激增了21%;死于合成阿片类药物如芬太尼(Fentanyl)的人在2015年和2016年之间增加了一倍。

在没有爆发战争或瘟疫的情况下,现代化富裕国家人民的寿命广泛下降是异常现象,而美国人寿命止升回降的情况已持续几年。

根据美国国家科学院2013年发表的一份报告显示,与其他富裕国家如日本、德国或加拿大的人民相比,美国人的寿命较短,而此一差距也逐年扩大。该报告作者之一、城市研究所的人口统计学家阿伦说:“过去20年来,我们与其他高收入国家走在不同的轨道上。”

尽管如此,鸦片类药物危机近年才出现。2016年,包含药物过量致死的意外身亡事件占所有死亡事件的近6%,是美国人的第三大死因,仅排在癌症和心脏病之后。全国卫生统计中心的数据也显示,2013年,每10万个美国死亡病例中,只有1人是死于芬太尼等合成鸦片类药物。但2016年,该死亡率为每10万人中有6.2个。

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    2017-12-23 龙胆草

    学习谢谢分享.

    0

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    2017-12-22 131****1460

    学习了受益匪浅

    0