NAt BME:COVID-19患者早期血清转化的超灵敏高分辨率分析

2020-09-30 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

灵敏检验对于准确识别感染了严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)的个体至关重要。作者报告了一种多重分析方法,用于从不足1 µl的血液中就可以检测。该方法法使用染料编码的抗原

灵敏检验对于准确识别感染了严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)的个体至关重要。作者报告了一种多重分析方法,用于从不足1 µl的血液中就可以检测。该方法法使用染料编码的抗原包被的珠子来定量针对四种SARS-CoV-2抗原的免疫球蛋白G(IgG),IgM和IgA抗体的水平。使用大流行期间收集的样本以及在2019年首次冠状病毒病爆发之前从健康个体和呼吸道感染患者收集的样本(COVID-19)训练的logistic回归模型在盲法验证队列中检测血清转化的准确性为99%。COVID-19患者的高通量血清分析可用于研究抗体同种型和病毒蛋白之间的相互作用,并应有助于我们了解临床表现的异质性。

方法:临床样本取自马萨诸塞州总医院出现病毒性呼吸症状的患者。血浆采集采用多种类型的试管。通过对鼻咽标本(两个时间点采集的21个个体的n =19个RT–PCR阴性样本和n= 42个RT–PCR阳性样本)进行RT–PCR确认SARS-CoV-2感染。在国际旅行前(2019年1月至12月)从健康成人身上采集的额外血浆样本也包括在分析中(n = 20)。对人血浆样品进行热灭活(56℃60分钟),样品在自制样品稀释剂(Quanterix)中稀释至其最终稀释系数。临床样本取自Brigham and Women's Hospital并伴有病毒性呼吸症状的患者(n = 172个样本,来自91个在不同时间点采集的检测呈阳性的个体,n = 100个样本,来自于在不同时间点采集的95个检测阴性的个体)。将SARS-2 RBD(GenBank; MN975262.1)克隆到pVRC载体中进行哺乳动物表达(FreeStyle 293F或Expi293F悬浮细胞)。 该构建体包含人鼻病毒3C可裂解的羧基(C)-末端链霉亲和素结合肽-His8x标签。 转染后第5天收获上清液,直接在Cobalt-TALON树脂(Takara)上传代,然后在磷酸盐缓冲液中的Superdex 200 Growth(GE Healthcare)上进行尺寸排阻色谱。 293F细胞的典型产量约为9μg/ l-1培养物。 使用人鼻病毒3 C蛋白酶(Thermo Fisher Scientific)去除亲和标签,并使用Cobalt-TALON树脂将蛋白重新纯化,以去除蛋白酶,标签和未切割的蛋白。

结果:COVID-19患者和大流行前研究病例中存在明显的分离。所有12种抗原-抗体同型组合显示,对于那些通过鼻咽RT-PCR检测出SARS-CoV-2阳性但未被视为免疫功能受损的患者,在整个疾病过程中,所有12种抗原-抗体同型组合显示中位免疫球蛋白水平增加。一些通过鼻咽RT-PCR检测出SARS-CoV-2阴性的有症状的个体显示出的抗SARS-CoV-2抗体信号远高于大流行前的人群;这些人可能是感染了SARS-CoV-2的个体,而这些人的RT-PCR检测结果为阴性。

Simoa血清学分析提供了一个强大的分析工具,通过高分辨率分析整个感染过程中的抗体反应,将促进对SARS-CoV-2宿主免疫的理解。

Norman, M., Gilboa, T., Ogata, A.F. et al. Ultrasensitive high-resolution profiling of early seroconversion in patients with COVID-19. Nat Biomed Eng (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-020-00611-x

 

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