JACC:酒精滥用危害等同于高血压和糖尿病,增2倍房颤、1.4倍心梗和2.3倍心衰风险

2017-01-04 卢芳 中国循环杂志

酒,已经深深地印在全球人民的生活中了。但近日发表于JACC上的一项研究表明,酒精滥用等同高血压、糖尿病、吸烟、肥胖等已经明确的心血管危险因素,可以增加房颤、心梗和充血性心衰等发生风险。 这是研究者对美国加州2005-2009年1470万门诊外科、急诊和住院患者进行分析的结果。其中有1.8%的受试者有明确的酒精滥用诊断。酒精滥用,并非酒精依赖,不过也是酒精使用障碍中一类疾病诊断,在“国际疾

酒,已经深深地印在全球人民的生活中了。但近日发表于JACC上的一项研究表明,酒精滥用等同高血压、糖尿病、吸烟、肥胖等已经明确的心血管危险因素,可以增加房颤、心梗和充血性心衰等发生风险。
 
这是研究者对美国加州2005-2009年1470万门诊外科、急诊和住院患者进行分析的结果。其中有1.8%的受试者有明确的酒精滥用诊断。

酒精滥用,并非酒精依赖,不过也是酒精使用障碍中一类疾病诊断,在“国际疾病分类”第十版(ICD-10)和美国精神障碍分类系统第四版(DSM-IV)均有明确诊断标准。

“我们发现,一个人即使没有其他心血管危险因素,酒精滥用也可增加上述心脏疾病的发生风险。”研究者指出。

具体而言,该研究显示酒精滥用可增加2倍的房颤风险,1.4倍的心梗风险,2.3倍的充血性心力衰竭风险。
 
研究者指出,公众常常误认为饮酒对心脏有好处,但是这些数据显示事实上并非如此。他们希望通过这项研究让更多的人能够正视这一问题,减少对饮酒的“热情”。
 
如果彻底能够杜绝酒精滥用会有何影响?研究者表示,对于美国,将会减少73000例房颤,34000例心梗,91000例充血性心力衰竭。
 
之前有研究显示,适量饮酒有助于预防心脏病和充血性心力衰竭,但目前有研究已显示,即使少量饮酒也会增加房颤的发生风险。
 
伴随的述评中,加州大学的Michael H. Criqui指出,既往这些饮酒有益心脏的研究多为队列研究,其中纳入的受试者也多更倾向于健康生活方式,而且其中过量饮酒者也不多,但当前这项研究或明确描绘了酒精滥用实际上导致的严重结果。
 
饮酒的这个度怎么把握?
 
《中国居民膳食指南》建议,成年男性一天饮用酒的酒精量不超过25克(0.5两),相当于啤酒750毫升(1瓶),或葡萄酒250毫升(1杯),或38°白酒75克(1.5两),或高度白酒50克(1两)。
 
成年女性一天饮用酒的酒精量不超过15克,相当于啤酒450毫升,或葡萄酒150毫升,或38°白酒50克(1两)。而孕妇和儿童少年应禁止喝酒。
 
值得注意的是,近期发表的一项在我国145263位15岁以上居民中进行的调查显示,人群饮酒率为34.3%,而过量饮酒率为30.4%,其中45~59岁的男士过量饮酒率更是高达41.1%。这里的过量饮酒即是指,男性一天饮用的酒精量超过25 g,女性超过15 g。
 
原始出处:

[1] Alcohol abuse increases risk of heart conditionsas much as other risk factors. Medicalxpress. January 2, 2017.

[2] 许晓丽, 赵丽云,房红芸, 等. 2010-2012年中国15岁及以上居民饮酒状况. 卫生研究, 2016, 45: 534-537.

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    2017-01-30 zchen
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    2017-12-19 hbwxf
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    2017-01-04 yafeiliutjh

    要戒酒了

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近日,来自英国伦敦国王大学的一项新的研究发现,肝脏和大脑间的激素联系可能控制酒精的消耗,这取决于机体携带的特殊基因的版本。这或可成为减少饮酒者对酒精渴望的靶向目标。该研究结果已发表于Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences。研究人员汇总并分析了纳入105000余名欧洲血统参与者的全基因组研究的数据,该研究中所有参与者报道了自身的饮酒习惯。结果显示

Alcohol:青春期饮用混合酒精和咖啡因的功能饮料可与可卡因一样影响大脑

近日,来自普渡大学的一项研究表明,饮用咖啡因含量很高的酒精饮料可引起与青少年使用可卡因相似的的大脑变化,且其后果持续到成年期,该研究结果已发表于Alcohol。 研究人员对青少年喂以咖啡因含量很高的能量饮料,以观察对小鼠大脑的影响。结果发现,与对照组小鼠相比,高咖啡因能量饮料组小鼠成年期并不会饮用更多地酒精。 但是当将高水平的咖啡因与酒精混合后喂以青少年小鼠后发现小鼠大脑的物理和神经化