JACC:酒精滥用危害等同于高血压和糖尿病,增2倍房颤、1.4倍心梗和2.3倍心衰风险

2017-01-04 卢芳 中国循环杂志

酒,已经深深地印在全球人民的生活中了。但近日发表于JACC上的一项研究表明,酒精滥用等同高血压、糖尿病、吸烟、肥胖等已经明确的心血管危险因素,可以增加房颤、心梗和充血性心衰等发生风险。 这是研究者对美国加州2005-2009年1470万门诊外科、急诊和住院患者进行分析的结果。其中有1.8%的受试者有明确的酒精滥用诊断。酒精滥用,并非酒精依赖,不过也是酒精使用障碍中一类疾病诊断,在“国际疾

酒,已经深深地印在全球人民的生活中了。但近日发表于JACC上的一项研究表明,酒精滥用等同高血压、糖尿病、吸烟、肥胖等已经明确的心血管危险因素,可以增加房颤、心梗和充血性心衰等发生风险。
 
这是研究者对美国加州2005-2009年1470万门诊外科、急诊和住院患者进行分析的结果。其中有1.8%的受试者有明确的酒精滥用诊断。

酒精滥用,并非酒精依赖,不过也是酒精使用障碍中一类疾病诊断,在“国际疾病分类”第十版(ICD-10)和美国精神障碍分类系统第四版(DSM-IV)均有明确诊断标准。

“我们发现,一个人即使没有其他心血管危险因素,酒精滥用也可增加上述心脏疾病的发生风险。”研究者指出。

具体而言,该研究显示酒精滥用可增加2倍的房颤风险,1.4倍的心梗风险,2.3倍的充血性心力衰竭风险。
 
研究者指出,公众常常误认为饮酒对心脏有好处,但是这些数据显示事实上并非如此。他们希望通过这项研究让更多的人能够正视这一问题,减少对饮酒的“热情”。
 
如果彻底能够杜绝酒精滥用会有何影响?研究者表示,对于美国,将会减少73000例房颤,34000例心梗,91000例充血性心力衰竭。
 
之前有研究显示,适量饮酒有助于预防心脏病和充血性心力衰竭,但目前有研究已显示,即使少量饮酒也会增加房颤的发生风险。
 
伴随的述评中,加州大学的Michael H. Criqui指出,既往这些饮酒有益心脏的研究多为队列研究,其中纳入的受试者也多更倾向于健康生活方式,而且其中过量饮酒者也不多,但当前这项研究或明确描绘了酒精滥用实际上导致的严重结果。
 
饮酒的这个度怎么把握?
 
《中国居民膳食指南》建议,成年男性一天饮用酒的酒精量不超过25克(0.5两),相当于啤酒750毫升(1瓶),或葡萄酒250毫升(1杯),或38°白酒75克(1.5两),或高度白酒50克(1两)。
 
成年女性一天饮用酒的酒精量不超过15克,相当于啤酒450毫升,或葡萄酒150毫升,或38°白酒50克(1两)。而孕妇和儿童少年应禁止喝酒。
 
值得注意的是,近期发表的一项在我国145263位15岁以上居民中进行的调查显示,人群饮酒率为34.3%,而过量饮酒率为30.4%,其中45~59岁的男士过量饮酒率更是高达41.1%。这里的过量饮酒即是指,男性一天饮用的酒精量超过25 g,女性超过15 g。
 
原始出处:

[1] Alcohol abuse increases risk of heart conditionsas much as other risk factors. Medicalxpress. January 2, 2017.

[2] 许晓丽, 赵丽云,房红芸, 等. 2010-2012年中国15岁及以上居民饮酒状况. 卫生研究, 2016, 45: 534-537.

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    2017-01-30 zchen
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    2017-12-19 hbwxf
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    2017-01-04 yafeiliutjh

    要戒酒了

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