JAMA Surg:外科手术使用抗生素预防感染的持续时间和类型与抗菌不良事件的关系

2019-08-11 不详 MedSci原创

抗菌药物预防的益处仅限于术后24小时。关于缝皮后持续抗菌预防的危害目前还知之甚少。本项研究旨在探讨抗生素预防的类型和持续时间与手术部位感染(SSI),急性肾损伤(AKI)和艰难梭菌感染的关系。

背景及目的:
抗菌药物预防的益处仅限于术后24小时。关于缝皮后持续抗菌预防的危害目前还知之甚少。本项研究旨在探讨抗生素预防的类型和持续时间与手术部位感染(SSI),急性肾损伤(AKI)和艰难梭菌感染的关系。

方法:
本项研究是一项多中心,回顾性队列研究,研究人员对全美退伍军人事务部医疗保健系统内的所有接受过心脏,骨科全关节置换,结肠直肠和血管手术的患者进行了数据回顾,并由经过培训的护士评估手术预防的类型和持续时间以及SSI。暴露组的定义为术后抗菌药物预防的持续时间(<24小时,24- <48小时,48- <72小时,≥72小时)。主要观察结果为:手术部位感染,AKI和艰难梭菌感染。

结果
本项研究纳入79058例患者,76 109例(96.3%)为男性,平均(SD)年龄为64.8(9.4)岁。在队列中的79058个外科手术中,所有手术都有SSI和C difficile结果数据; 71344(90.2%)有AKI结果数据。SSI与预防的持续时间无关。AKI几率随每增加一天的抗生素预防而增加(心脏手术:24- <48小时:调整后的优势比[aOR],1.03; 95%CI,0.95-1.12; 48- <72小时:aOR,1.22; 95% CI,1.08-1.39;≥72小时:aOR,1.82; 95%CI,1.54-2.16;非心脏手术:24- <48小时:aOR,1.31; 95%CI,1.21-1.42; 48- <72小时:aOR ,1.72; 95%CI,1.47-2.01;≥72小时:aOR,1.79; 95%CI,1.27-2.53)。术后艰难梭菌的风险感染表现出类似的持续时间依赖性关联(24- <48小时:aOR 1.08; 95%CI,0.89-1.31; 48- <72小时:aOR,2.43; 95%CI,1.80-3.27;≥72小时:aOR, 3.65; 95%CI,2.40-5.53)。万古霉素也是AKI的重要危险因素(心脏手术:aOR,1.17; 95%CI,1.10-1.25;非心脏手术:aOR,1.21; 95%CI,1.13-1.30)。

结论
本项研究表明增加抗菌药物预防的持续时间与AKI和艰难梭菌感染分享增加相关;,延长抗生素的持续时间不会导致额外的SSI减少。

原始出处:

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    2019-08-13 zhwj
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    2019-08-12 1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称)

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

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