JAMA:无痛分娩还是麻醉?小心与后代自闭症风险有关!

2021-10-05 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

母亲在分娩时接触硬膜外镇痛与后代的自闭症谱系障碍没有明显的关联。

自闭症(autism)为一种由脑部发育障碍所导致的疾病,其特征是情绪,言语和非言语的表达困难及社交互动障碍,会对限制性行为与重复性动作有明显的兴趣。家长一般会在自闭症孩童两到三岁时注意到其状况。

其症状会渐渐加重,不过有些有自闭症的孩童在自闭症恶化之前,在一段时间内有着正常或接近正常的早期发展阶段(见儿童发展阶段),之后会出现一个或多个自闭症的特发特征,比如语言倒退等。

最近的一项队列研究发现,分娩时硬膜外镇痛与后代自闭症的风险增加有关。为了探讨分娩时硬膜外镇痛是否会增加后代自闭症的风险,来自丹麦哥本哈根大学医院朱利安-玛丽中心妇科和产科部的专家开展了相关研究,结果发表在JAMA杂志上。

这项全国性的回顾性队列研究确定了2006年1月至2013年12月期间在丹麦的所有活产儿童。随访从儿童的第一个生日开始,到2017年12月结束。关注的主要结果是根据丹麦精神病中心登记处或国家患者登记处的国际疾病和相关健康问题统计分类第10次修订版代码,对自闭症谱系障碍的诊断。使用Cox回归估计危险比,并对描述母亲合并症、社会人口因素、生活方式、怀孕、精神疾病、精神药物治疗、求医行为和自闭症家族史的协变量进行调整。

该队列包括479178名儿童(233405名女孩[48.7%];母亲分娩时的中位年龄为30.9[IQR,27.6-34.2]岁);其中92900人(19.4%)在分娩时接触了硬膜外镇痛。随访的中位数是7.0年(IQR,4.9-9.0年),到随访结束时,6428名儿童(1.3%)被诊断为自闭症。暴露儿童的自闭症诊断发病率为23.1例/万人年,而未暴露组为18.5例/万人年(RR=1.05[95%CI,0.98-1.11])。包括59154名儿童(12.3%)的次级母亲内部分析估计,暴露组的自闭症诊断发病率为20.8/万人年,未暴露组为17.1/万人年(RR=1.05[95% CI,0.90-1.21])。

硬膜外镇痛与后代自闭症的关系

在这项全国性的丹麦儿童队列研究中,母亲在分娩时接触硬膜外镇痛与后代的自闭症谱系障碍没有明显的关联。

 

参考文献:

Association of Labor Epidural Analgesia With Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children. JAMA. 2021;326(12):1170–1177. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.12655

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    2022-04-17 ms5000000464171069

    难道是因为我用了无痛分娩

    0

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    2021-10-19 ms4000000508774213

    自闭症值得深思

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    2021-10-07 老龙一点

    学习

    0

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    2021-10-07 linlin2312
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    2021-10-07 xiongke014
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    2021-10-06 病毒猎手

    分娩时#硬膜外镇痛#,即#无痛分娩#与后代#自闭症#的风险增加无关,这会解除一个很大的疑虑,不过这项研究并没有因此而结束,未来还需要更多的研究来进一步证实。麻醉带来的长期影响,一直是关注的话题

    0

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    2021-10-06 我思故我在2

    又是一个新的研究

    0

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儿科医生和其他医生通常是指导自闭症儿童家庭采取儿童早期干预措施以支持其发展的第一线护理人员。因此,医生应熟悉现有的干预措施和支持这些措施的证据,以便提出实践建议。

麻醉医生也能改善儿童自闭症?

这也许是一个漫长的探索过程,但我们有理由相信在逐渐应用于临床中后,麻醉治疗学的未来一定会大放异彩,这也是麻醉学科走向临床学科最关键的一步。