胡成平教授:EGFR突变阳性晚期NSCLC一线治疗方案选择

2019-06-19 佚名 肿瘤资讯

中南大学湘雅医院呼吸内科主任胡成平教授分享了EGFR突变阳性晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)靶向药物研究进展、EGFR TKI联合治疗策略以及EGFR突变阳性晚期NSCLC的一线治疗药物选择。

中南大学湘雅医院呼吸内科主任胡成平教授分享了EGFR突变阳性晚期非小细胞肺癌NSCLC)靶向药物研究进展、EGFR TKI联合治疗策略以及EGFR突变阳性晚期NSCLC的一线治疗药物选择。

EGFR敏感突变晚期NSCLC靶向药物研究进展

近年来,肺癌精准治疗领域取得了很多进展,其中最重要的进展是奥希替尼在今年的CSCO指南中成为一线选择药物,即EGFR突变阳性的晚期NSCLC患者可以首选奥希替尼。CSCO将奥希替尼作为一线药物的原因如下:第一,数据显示,使用奥希替尼的患者组PFS接近19个月,在第一到第三代EGFR TKI中位居首位,今年欧洲肿瘤大会(ESMO)有望带来总生存期(OS)更好的数据;第二,随着生活水平的提高,人们对生活质量以及对生存的要求也越来越高,一部分经济能力比较好的患者通过查找资料、了解信息,在就诊后会直接选择第三代EGFR TKI,由于奥希替尼的临床研究数据确实非常好,因此目前在真实世界中已有很多患者一线使用奥希替尼;第三,奥希替尼对存在脑转移的EGFR突变阳性晚期NSCLC患者疗效明显。

EGFR TKI联合治疗策略

临床使用EGFR TKI治疗后,研究者借鉴既往经验,考虑EGFR TKI单药是否可以与其他手段或者药物联合使用来提高疗效,因此出现了联合治疗。 最早是厄洛替尼和贝伐珠单抗的联合,即EGFR TKI联合血管靶向药物,现已获得非常好的无进展生存(PFS)数据;其次是EGFR TKI联合放疗。目前EGFR TKI联合放疗缺乏头对头研究数据,但是在临床中有以下几种情况:第一种是患者在基线出现脑转移,而且 EGFR突变阳性,可以选择靶向治疗,但是部分有症状的单发脑转移患者选择了放疗;第二种是基线无脑转移而肺部病灶不可切除或者有其他原因不能切除的患者,使用EGFR TKI如吉非替尼治疗,在治疗过程中原发病灶稳定但是出现脑转移(在第一代EGFR TKI治疗过程中多见),在这种情况下,尤其是在脑转移孤立性病灶时,原则上EGFR TKI不升级,在继续原治疗的同时可以局部放射治疗。

EGFR敏感突变晚期NSCLC一线治疗药物选择

奥希替尼在真实世界中已有部分患者在一线使用。如果奥希替尼获批成为一线药物,对于EGFR突变阳性的患者,就有六个靶向药物可以选择,如何排兵布阵是临床医生面对的重要问题。在疗效和安全性方面,第一代EGFR TKI 的PFS约10个月,而第三代EGFR TKI 的PFS已经达到近19个月。第二代EGFR TKI虽然PFS接近第三代,但是不良反应较多,患者的耐受性较差,在同等疗效下,临床医生和患者更愿意选择不良反应较轻的药物。另外,如果部分患者一线使用第一代或者第二代EGFR TKI,在出现耐药后,实际上只有20%~30%患者可以使用奥希替尼治疗,很多患者失去了使用奥希替尼的机会。因此,对于EGFR阳性NSCLC患者,推荐一线使用奥希替尼治疗。

除了疗效和安全性,临床用药选择还需要考虑价格因素。目前奥希替尼价格已经大幅度降低,而且已经进入医保目录,价格对用药选择的影响大大降低。因此,从疗效、不良反应和价格三个方面考虑,奥希替尼是无可非议的选择。希望在今年的ESMO会议上,奥希替尼能展示更好的总OS数据,进一步增强临床医生使用奥希替尼的信心。

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    2019-06-21 liuyiping
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    2019-06-19 肿肿

    NSCLC下一步突破在于新靶点了,靶向治疗和免疫治疗基本见顶了,再有新的就需要新机制了

    0

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