Sci Transl Med:军事医学研究院刘玮/曹务春团队在新发传染病领域获得重要进展

2018-09-22 佚名 病毒学界

该研究首次报道了SFTS病毒感染中血小板数量下降及T淋巴细胞功能失调与精氨酸代谢异常有关。并经临床随机对照试验证实,补充精氨酸可以显着改善SFTS病例的相关临床指标。研究不仅从全新角度揭示了SFTS病毒的致病机理,而且为SFTS和其他病毒性出血热的临床治疗提供了崭新思路。

导 读

军事医学研究院刘玮课题组与北京大学公共卫生学院、清华大学药学院、解放军302医院、解放军154医院等单位合作,在SFTS(发热伴血小板减少综合征)病毒临床致病机制领域取得重要的研究进展。该研究成果9月19日在Science子刊《科学-转化医学》杂志在线发表。该研究首次报道了SFTS病毒感染中血小板数量下降及T淋巴细胞功能失调与精氨酸代谢异常有关。并经临床随机对照试验证实,补充精氨酸可以显着改善SFTS病例的相关临床指标。研究不仅从全新角度揭示了SFTS病毒的致病机理,而且为SFTS和其他病毒性出血热的临床治疗提供了崭新思路。

研究背景

发热伴血小板减少综合征(SFTS)由一种新型的布尼亚病毒目白纤病毒科(Phenuiviridae)白蛉病毒SFTSV所引起的新发传染病,最早在我国中部农村地区被报道发现。具有起病急骤,死亡率高,分布广泛等特点。SFTSV感染和致死的关键特征是病毒的持续复制和血小板的严重减少。然而,导致这些病理变化的机制仍然不明。

结果速览

该研究首先通过代谢组学研究手段发现SFTSV的感染病例中精氨酸相关代谢物的特征性变化。在进一步精氨酸生物效应分析中发现,在精氨酸下调的同时,精氨酸代谢产物血小板内一氧化氮(Plt-NO)含量明显下降,并可能参与了血小板激活,血小板-单核细胞聚集体以及血小板凋亡的过程,进而造成血小板减少。


Fig. 1. Metabolomics profiling based on LC-MS/MS metabolomics data in two groups.

此外,研究发现,髓源性抑制细胞(MDSC)可能参与了精氨酸代谢的免疫调控,并与T淋巴细胞免疫抑制密切有关。研究还通过独立人群的验证,发现SFTSV感染病例中整体精氨酸生物活性度GABR降低,该指标可以作为预测SFTS发病预后的重要指标。


Fig. 3. CD3-ζ down-regulated in T cells and circulating arginine exhausted by an MDSC subset.

为了验证精氨酸的效应机制和治疗作用,研究通过小规模的随机对照试验发现,精氨酸补充能够促进Plt-NO生物合成,抑制血小板激活且加速血小板数量恢复;提高T细胞CD3-ζ链表达量和病毒载量下降速率。

结 语

该研究首次报道了SFTSV感染后,血小板减少和免疫抑制与精氨酸代谢异常的关系;不仅从代谢干扰(metabolic perturbation) 角度揭示了SFTS的发病机理,而且为类似疾病的临床辅助治疗提供了新的思路。

该研究的项目负责人和通讯作者为研究院传染病流行病学研究室主任刘玮研究员,共同通讯作者为该室学术带头人曹务春研究员和清华大学药学院的胡泽平研究员。第一作者为曹教授和刘教授的博士生李骁坤,共同第一作者为北医公卫学院的卢庆彬博士,解放军302医院感染病中心的陈威巍主任和许文博士。

刘玮团队长期从事SFTS等新发传染病的病原体溯源、流行规律、临床特征及致病机制研究。近十几年来建立了迄今为止世界范围内最大的SFTS病例研究队列。进行了长时间的随访、建立了完整的数据库和资料库,呈现了病例从发病直至死亡或者痊愈的全过程的自然史。利用横断面研究、病例对照研究、前瞻性队列研究、随机对照试验等研究设计,从临床诊断、发病特征、疾病进程、复合感染、致病机制、药物治疗等各个方面开展了一系列研究,相关研究结果在Lancet Infect Dis、Ann Intern Med、Clin Infect Dis等多个权威杂志发表。

原始出处:Li XK1, Lu QB2, Chen WW3, et al. Arginine deficiency is involved in thrombocytopenia and immunosuppression in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome. Sci Transl Med. 2018 Sep 19;10(459).

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近期有研究称,对于重症幼年特发性关节炎相关的葡萄膜炎、既往常规免疫抑制药物和至少一种抗肿瘤坏死因子剂治疗失败的患者,Tocilizumab治疗是有效的。 研究人员进行了一项多中心研究,纳入了25例重症幼年特发性关节炎相关的葡萄膜炎、既往常规免疫抑制药物和至少一种抗肿瘤坏死因子剂治疗失败的患者,治疗药物包括阿达木单抗(n = 24)、依那西普(n =8)、英夫利昔单抗(n =7)、阿巴西普(n

Blood:ADAP缺陷可影响巨核细胞极化、促进血小板前体异位释放,从而导致微血小板减少症

中心点:小鼠ADAP缺陷可导致血小板寿命缩短和异位释放,进而导致微血小板减少。巨核细胞缺乏ADAP会损坏DMS极化和伪足小体形成。摘要:骨髓巨核细胞(MKs)通过将血小板前体延伸到窦状血管产生血小板。血小板生成缺陷可导致血小板减少症,增加出血倾向。近期,有报道称先天性常染色体隐性小血小板减少症(CARST)是由ADAP(黏附和脱颗粒促进调节蛋白,又名FYB、SLAP130/120)基因突变导致的,

JAHA:入院“小”指标发挥“大”作用!

由此可见,血小板计数作为简单、廉价的指标,可作为风湿性心脏病瓣膜置换术前风险评估的工具。

Blood:如何治疗2B型血管性血友病

2B型血管性血友病(VWD)是一种常染色体显性遗传的出血性疾病,由血管假性血友病因子(VWF)结合血小板上的GPIb的能力增强所导致。虽然该疾病已被明确是由该单分子缺陷引起的,但现实中,2B型VWD在临床上具有异质性(即表现不统一),难以识别和管理。诊断标准:既往皮肤粘膜出血史,检验VWF结合血小板的能力增强和(或)携带2B VWD突变,符合常染色体显性遗传的家族病史。虽然不是所有患者都有血小板减

Lancet haemat:用罗米司亭治疗血小板减少的低风险的骨髓增生异常综合征,进展成急性髓系白血病的风险追踪

针对骨髓增生异常综合症患者,治疗血小板减少的有效方法仍是匮乏。在之前报道的一随机2期研究(样本量250)中,用罗米司亭治疗国际预后评分(IPSS)评定的低风险骨髓增生异常综合征可减少血小板的输注量(p<0.0001),增加血液学血小板改善率(p<0.0001)。但该研究因为潜在进展成急性髓系白血病的风险而终止。该研究为随访长达5年的多中心的、双盲的II期临床试验,在多个国家招募18-9