Pediatrics :SSRI对青少年身体成分的影响

2017-10-01 佚名 大话精神

肥胖和重度抑郁症(MDD)具有相互关联的作用,下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺素的失调,其他内分泌异常,自主神经系统功能障碍,亚临床炎症和生活方式等因素也参与其中。此外,大多数精神科药物也引起体重增加。然而,研究肥胖与MDD之间关系的纵向研究未能解释其精神药理学,也没有检查体重指数(BMI)以外的肥胖症(即身体脂肪和内脏脂肪)。

肥胖和重度抑郁症(MDD)具有相互关联的作用,下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺素的失调,其他内分泌异常,自主神经系统功能障碍,亚临床炎症和生活方式等因素也参与其中。此外,大多数精神科药物也引起体重增加。然而,研究肥胖与MDD之间关系的纵向研究未能解释其精神药理学,也没有检查体重指数(BMI)以外的肥胖症(即身体脂肪和内脏脂肪)。

本文旨在探讨重度抑郁症(MDD),广泛性焦虑症(GAD)和选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(SSRI)对青少年身体成分变化的影响。我们预计MDD和SSRI的使用与肥胖增加有关,鉴于MDD与GAD的高度共病,我们还进一步研究了GAD是否与肥胖症有独立关系。

方法

对医疗健康中心的15-20岁的未接受治疗的患者或开始使用SSRI药物1个月内的患者进行前瞻性随访。每4个月测量一次体重指数(BMI),每8个月进行一次全身双能X线骨密度扫描(DXA),以确定瘦体重指数(LBMI)、脂肪质量指数(FMI)和内脏脂肪量(VFat)。线性混合效应回归分析检查MDD,GAD和SSRI与身体成分(BMI z评分,FMI z评分,LBMI z评分和VFat)之间的关联。

结果

共有279名患者参与了该研究,并提供了850次观察,经进一步筛选,最终纳入分析的参与者有264名,他们提供了805次观察,随访时间超过1.51±0.76年。如预期的那样,SSRI组的参与者更有可能患有MDD和GAD,其疾病相关评分更高。

在调整年龄、性别、体力活动、饮食摄入量和研究时间后发现,MDD严重程度与MBI指数、FMI指数、LBMI z分数呈负相关,而累积SSRI治疗持续时间和剂量与这些结果呈正相关。GAD严重程度和诊断与任何身体成分结果没有显着相关。



表4 MDD,SSRI,GAD对BMI,FMI,LBMIz,VFat的影响

此外,西酞普兰和艾司西酞普兰与所有身体成分指标的增加密切相关,包括内脏脂肪量;氟西汀的相关性稍弱,舍曲林基本无显着性影响。



表6 不同药物对身体指标的影响

结论

这是研究MDD,GAD和SSRI治疗对青少年身体成分变化影响的第一项纵向研究。与我们的预测相反,某些MDD指标与身体成分的变化呈负相关,而GAD没有发挥可衡量的独立作用。相比之下,SSRI治疗会增加身体成分各测量值,这种影响似乎还存在具体药物差异。SSRI使用的持续时间以及累积剂量与身体成分测量值呈正相关,这表明该效应可能是剂量依赖性的。

虽然BMI的临床应用已经很成熟,但是它无法区分瘦体重,体质指数和脂肪量,因此,我们利用DXA扫描的可用性,分别检查了脂肪和瘦肉指数。令人惊讶的是,SSRI的使用与以上两个结果变量也成正相关。这表明,长期使用SSRI将导致BMI的总体指数增加,包括肥胖和瘦体重的增加。值得注意的是,这种相关不能归因于生活方式因素,如身体锻炼或饮食等。

随着时间的推移,SSRI的使用与身体指数的增加有关,西酞普兰,艾司西酞普兰和氟西汀尤其如此。氟西汀和艾司西酞普兰是唯一批准用于治疗青春期抑郁症的两种药物,后者由于较低的药物相互作用,受到青少年抑郁症患者的青睐。需要注意的是,这些药物会导致内脏脂肪组织(VFat)的增加,这可能揭示了MDD患者观察到的心血管疾病发病率升高的部分原因。

药物治疗对身体成分影响的性别差异也值得进一步研究,除此之外,未来的研究还应探索减轻这些治疗效应的机制和干预措施。

原始出处:
Calarge C A, Mills J A,Janz K F, et al. Body Composition in Adolescents During Treatment With Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors[J]. Pediatrics, Jun 2017: e20163943.

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    2018-05-17 hbwxf
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    2018-03-22 feather89
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    2017-10-03 半夏微凉

    学习了谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-10-01 sunfeifeiyang

    是药三分毒

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