Front Oncol:阿帕替尼(Apatinib)治疗既往治疗过的晚期乳腺癌患者的疗效和安全性

2021-10-23 网络 网络

研究表明,阿帕替尼在多线治疗后的转移性乳腺癌患者中产生了中等疗效,没有显著的治疗相关不良事件。在多线化疗失败后,阿帕替尼可能是挽救治疗的选择。

乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤。对于某些类型的转移性乳腺癌患者,目前抗血管治疗,比如贝伐珠单抗被推荐用于联合化疗。阿帕替尼(Apatinib)是一种新型的VEGFR抑制剂,靶向VEGFR-2,后者有助于血管生成。在2014年首次被推荐用于晚期胃或胃食管结腺癌患者。既往的二期临床试验显示在既往治疗过的TNBC患者中,阿帕替尼单药治疗有一定疗效和安全。因此,有必要评估真实世界中阿帕替尼治疗晚期乳腺癌患者的疗效和安全性。来自山东省肿瘤医院的团队开展了相关回顾性研究,相关结果发表在Frontiers in Oncology杂志上。

全部66例接受阿帕替尼治疗的转移性乳腺癌患者纳入研究。临床受益率(CBR)40.9%(27/ 66),中位PFS6.0个月,中位OS10.0个月。初次诊断乳腺癌的中位年龄是45(范围在28岁到70岁之间)TNBC患者占48.5%(32/66)。初次诊断时,约66.7%(44/66)的患者为绝经前女性。39例患者ECOG状态为0 -1(59.1%)21例患者ECOG状态为2(31.8%)。首次诊断时,51.5%的患者诊断为I-II期疾病,39.4%诊断为III期疾病,9.1%诊断为IV期疾病。初始复发主要发生在内脏或骨骼(83.3%)。阿帕替尼治疗前发生多脏器转移(60.6%),其中肝转移20(30.3%),脑转移12(18.2%),肺转移46(69.7%),骨转移34(51.5%),淋巴结转移39(59.1%)。最低剂量250mg的阿帕替尼占66.7%22名患者接受了阿帕替尼425 mg, 500 mg850mg剂量的治疗。由于副作用,13名患者最终将剂量减少到250毫克。约33.3%的患者单独使用阿帕替尼治疗。

大多数患者接受最低剂量250mg阿帕替尼治疗(66.7%)。在接受高剂量治疗的患者中,59.1%的患者(13/22)接受了减少到250 mg阿帕替尼的治疗。所有患者均耐受良好,无毒性相关死亡。1 - 2级毒性是常见的;3级中毒率为10.6%(7/66)。4级毒性没有观察到。手足综合征(25.8%)、继发性高血压(22.7%)、疲劳(16.7%)和疼痛(13.6%)是常见的毒副反应。

66例患者中位无进展生存期为6.0个月(95%CI, 5.249 ~ 6.751)。所有66例患者的中位OS为10.0个月(95% CI, 8.104-11.896)。在多因素分析中,既往化疗方案数与DFS (P = 0.028)和OS (P = 0.002)显著相关。脑转移(P= 0.045)在单因素分析中有显著性,但在多因素分析中无显著性。中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR) (P = 0.0001)、亚型(P = 0.048)、初始复发累及器官数(P = 0.033)、阿帕替尼治疗前累及器官数(P = 0.048)在OS的单因素分析中有显著性差异,而在OS的多因素分析中无显著性差异。

        临床预后

先前化疗方案数小于或等于3个似乎与较长的无进展生存期(PFS)(9 vs 6个月,P = 0.0017)或OS(17 vs 8个月,P<0.0001)有关。脑转移患者的DFS(5 vs. 6个月,P= 0.0472)和OS (6.5 vs. 10.0个月,P=0.0303)更差。NLR>3.78 (P=0.0221),初始复发器官>1(P = 0.0238),阿帕替尼治疗前复发器官>1(P = 0.0365)患者的OS (P < 0.05)更差。与阿帕替尼单药或与其他药物联合使用相比,阿帕替尼与卡培他滨联合使用更有益处。阿帕替尼联合卡培他滨时,中位OS为19个月,而阿帕替尼联合其他药物为9个月,阿帕替尼单药治疗为10个月。

             亚组分析1

          亚组分析2

获得临床获益的患者预后较好,中位OS和PFS分别为12个月和9个月,而无临床获益的患者分别为8个月和4个月(P<0.05)。

综上,研究表明,阿帕替尼在多线治疗后的转移性乳腺癌患者中产生了中等疗效,没有显著的治疗相关不良事件。在多线化疗失败后,阿帕替尼可能是挽救治疗的选择。

原始出处:

Liu Z, Shan J, Yu Q, Wang X, Song X, Wang F, Li C, Yu Z and Yu J (2021) Real-World Data on Apatinib Efficacy -Results of a Retrospective Study in Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients Pretreated With Multiline Treatment. Front. Oncol. 11:643654.doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.643654

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