PLOS ONE:素食者的心脏代谢风险因素:观察性研究的荟萃分析

2018-12-22 海北 MedSci原创

越来越多的证据表明,基于植物的饮食与心血管风险的降低有关。最近,研究人员进行了一项探究,目的是评估与杂食性饮食相比,素食对心脏代谢风险因素的影响。

越来越多的证据表明,基于植物的饮食与血管风险的降低有关。最近,研究人员进行了一项探究,目的是评估与杂食性饮食相比,素食对心脏代谢风险因素的影响。

研究人员对1960年至20186月期间发表的观察性研究进行了荟萃分析,这些研究报告了素食主义者和杂食性饮食的对照组中的一种或多种心脏代谢风险因素。研究人员通过饮食模式比较宏观营养素摄入量和心脏代谢风险因素。纽卡斯尔渥太华量表(NOS)被用于评估每项研究的质量。逆方差法被用于汇总平均差异。研究人员使用RevMan软件版本5•2The Nordic Cochrane CenterThe Cochrane CollaborationCopenhagen)进行统计学分析。

最后,研究人员纳入了40项研究,包括12 619名素食主义者和179 630名杂食人员。根据28项研究中的食物频率问卷,与杂食人员相比,素食主义者消耗的能量较少(-11%,95%置信区间为-14-8),饱和脂肪较少(-51%,CI -57-45)。与对照相比,素食者的体重指数(-1.72 kg / m2CI -2.30-1.16),腰围(-2.35 cmCI -3.93-0.76),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇-0.49 mmol / L)较低。 CI -0.62-0.36),甘油三酯(-0.14 mmol / LCI -0.24-0.05),空腹血糖(-0.23 mmol /CI -0.35-0.10),收缩压(-2.56 mmHgCI - 4.66-0.45)和舒张压(-1.33 mmHgCI -2.67-0.02)也较小,p <0.0001。然而,在台湾的一些大型研究中,与对照饮食相比,纯素饮食与有利的心脏代谢风险因素无关。

因此,在大多数国家,与杂食性饮食相比,纯素饮食与更有利的心脏代谢特征相关。


原始出处:

Benatar JR et al. Cardiometabolic risk factors in vegans: A meta-analysis of observational studies. PLOS ONE 2018; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209086. eCollection 2018.


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    2019-10-03 venlin
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一项由医学委员会发起的新研究发表在《营养》杂志上,这项新研究表明,植物饮食可以改善没有糖尿病史的超重成年人的β细胞功能和胰岛素敏感性。

Circulation:素食与地中海饮食均可改善体重及血脂

既往研究显示,素食及地中海饮食均有助于降低心血管风险。近期,Circulation发表的素食饮食心血管预防CARDIVEG研究最新结果对素食与地中海饮食的效果首次进行了随机交叉直接对比。其结果显示,为期3个月的低热量素食和低热量地中海饮食减重及改善心血管风险的获益相似。

J Affect Disord:别当和尚了,当心抑郁

新的研究表明,男性素食主义者患抑郁症的风险要高于正常吃肉的人。

Clin Nutr:素食的降糖效果堪比降糖药物

素食有助于降低中年肥胖2型糖尿病患者的HbA1c和胆固醇水平,并改善其他心血管代谢危险因素。

Conversation:素食与肉食,我们的健康究竟倾向谁?

素食是否是健康老龄化的关键,否则对那些接受健康老龄化的人来说,这会是一种风险吗?这些问题是广大公众和许多科学家的混淆之源。为什么?营养是一门复杂的学科,它很难提供简单的答案,就像一系列饮食习惯和健康结果之间的关系一样广泛。素食饮食是好还是坏?我们可以用140个字符或更少字符来发送答案吗?